NO. II PUEBLO RUINS IN ARIZONA HAURY AND HARGRAVE 21 



it is only natural that their ancestors should have contributed most 

 generously to the quantity of mammal bones recovered during our 

 excavations. Lower jaw bones of dog, Canis fainiliaris,^ and Arizona 

 badger, Taxidia la.viis, were found in room i of test 2 and test 13, 

 respectively. Hough reports that he collected " bones of dog, two 

 species of rabbits, turkey, and deer " in Showlow ruin. 



OBJECTS OF STONE 



Metates. — The milling stones used for grinding maize and other 

 food stufifs are relatively numerous at Showlow. Most of these were 

 manufactured of a porous basaltic lava, but a few were shaped from 

 indurated sandstone. Two types of metates are represented in the 

 collection : 



(a) Trough-shaped specimens with both ends open and sometimes 

 worn to a depth of from 4 to 6 inches. These are seldom more than 

 10 inches wide; their sides are usually carefully shaped by pecking. 

 Without exception these metates were found free in the rooms, i. e., 

 independent of bins. From the position of some in the debris, it 

 was judged they were originally on the house tops. 



(b) Flat or slightly concave metates, with grinding surface measur- 

 ing from 14 to 18 inches long and 10 to 12 inches wide. Mills of this 

 kind are usually found in mealing bins either singly or in series. In 

 room I, test 3, a set of three contiguous mealing bins was encountered, 

 and Mr. Whipple informed us that he had found during the course 

 of his work as many as five adjacent bins. In a few cases the lower, 

 embedded end of the positioned metate was narrower than the other 

 by several inches. 



Manas. — The movable hand stones with which grinding is actually 

 done, are readily classifiable into two broad types, according to the 

 shape of the metate on which they were employed : 



(a) Manos accompanying the first type of metate described are 

 rectangular in form with rounded corners. They measure from 7 to 

 10 inches long by 3 to 5 inches wide and are made of igneous rock, 

 rarely of granite or sandstone. Only one surface was used for grinding 

 and this is slightly convex lengthwise of the implement. 



(b) Manos associated with the second type of metate are charac- 

 teristic of those usually found in Pueblo IV ruins of northern Arizona. 

 In cross-section they are triangular or nearly so, owing to the double- 

 faceted grinding surface. This distinctive feature is shown by the 



* Identified in the Department of Biology, U. S. National Museum. 



