78 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 82 



The following- composite tabulation of the several recognized hori- 

 zons and the related local ceramic types in Showlow and Pinedale 

 ruins is necessarily incomplete and must be enlarged upon at a 

 subsequent time. 



First H orison: A. D. 1204 (?) Showlow 



Black-on-zvhife very abundant ; shows both Chaco Canyon and southern 

 affinity. 



Black-on-orange-red with white exterior patterns abundant ; designs usually 

 balanced solid and hatched elements in dull paint. (PI. 8.) 



Corrugated ware crude to fine, some with exterior white decoration. (PI. g, 

 fig. I.) 

 Second Horizon: 1290 ± Pinedale 



Black-on-white abundant ; vessel forms mainly ollas ; decorations are dis- 

 tinctly local but retain certain foreign features ; thin black glaze paint 

 commonly used. (PI. 19, figs, i and 2, text fig. 17.) 



Pinedale polychrome very abundant, appearing almost exclusively as bowls ; 

 is directly derived from the first horizon orange-red phase ; white seldom 

 used on interiors and almost invariably in association with black on 

 exteriors in independent units or continuous patterns; interior designs 

 geometric and balanced but of great variety; black paint is preponder- 

 antly a lead glaze, seldom merging into other colors. (Figs. 18 and 19.) 



Corrugated ware crude and not very abundant. 

 Third Horizon: 1375 ± Showlow 



Black-on-zvhite ware rare or absent, apparently no longer in vogue. 



Four-mile polychrome predominating decorated ware ; slip a darker red and 

 generally softer than antecedent stage ; glaze paint is decadent, may lack 

 luster and be vitreous and gritty; exterior patterns are in black and 

 white and almost without exception continuous ; interior designs are 

 also in black and white in specialized geometric and zoomorphic ele- 

 ments. (Pis. II and 12.) 



Corrugated ware more abundant, some shows horizontal flutings or ribs not 

 evident before. (PI. 9, fig. 2.) 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 



Bandelier, a. F. 



1892. Final report of investigations among the Indians of the Southwestern 

 United States, Part II. Papers Archaeol. Inst. America, American 

 Series, No. IV, Cambridge, 1892. 

 Douglass, A. E. 



1929. The secret of the Southwest solved by talkative tree rings. Nat. 

 Geogr. Mag., December, 1929. Vol. LVI, No. 6, pp. 737-770, Wash- 

 ington, 1929. 

 Fewkes, J. W. 



1894. The Snake ceremonials at Walpi. Journ. Amer. Ethnol. and Ar- 

 chaeol., Vol. IV, Cambridge, 1894. 

 1904. Two summers' work in pueblo ruins. Twenty-second Ann. Rep., Bur. 

 Amer. Ethnol., Pt. I, pp. 3-19S, Washington, 1904. 



