NO. 9 BRIGHTNESS OF LUNAR ECLIPSES FISHER 5 



arbitrarily. However, in other cases there is unanimity ; the eclipse 

 1903 IV II is one — the most certainly dark eclipse in the period 

 studied. 



Table i. — Observations on the Brightness of 68 Lunar Eclipses 

 Phase and 1860 II 6; 0.812; Grade 2? 



air mass 



c Pacific, Antarctic ice, Indian Ocean. 



Ward, Dublin, (3) ; occasional light clouds with halos. 



a 1.4c N. e. and telescope, size not stated; the seas; Grimaldus shows well; 



not a trace .... of Aristarchus or Plato nothing so like as 



a red hot penny with a httle white hot piece at its lower edge. 

 Pogson, Hartwell, Engl., (i) ; sky not stated. 



c=i.4 "With the equatorial," size not stated; actual shadow .... in- 

 definite ; . . . . visibility — it might almost be termed the brilliancy — 

 of Aristarchus. Kepler and other spots were comparatively lost, or at 

 most barely discernible .... in the shadow. 

 Schmidt, Athens, (2) ; very clear sky ; occasional light cirrus. 



c = 1.8 Means not stated. All parts of the earth's shadow remained without 

 exception completely transparent. (Other details briefly given agree 

 well with Ward.) 



Grade 2, with interrogation point because Ward does not make it 

 absolutely clear that the seas were observed with the naked eye. 



1862 XII 15; 1.415; Grade 0? 



c Portugal, S. Sweden, N. Russia, Siberia, Manchuria, Japan Sea, New 



Zealand, near Tierra del Fuego, Canary Islands, 

 a = 5.4 Cantzler, Greifswald, Ger., (4) ; civil twilight most of the time; sky 



clear, with stars. Means not stated, 

 a 17.8 b Eclipsed part invisible. 



d' Arrest, Copenhagen, (5) ; Means not stated. 

 The moon vanished completely, but its altitude was low and it was 



seen through heavy haze. 



Grade o, with interrogation point because of twilight. 



1863 VI i; 1.224; Grade 0? 



c Bay of Bengal, Asia, Russia, N. Atlantic, Carribean Sea., Antarctic 



ice, near C. Leeuwin. 



Backhouse, Sunderland, Engl., (6) ; Clear break in clouds ; weak 



astronomical twilight. 

 b 4.9 c N. e. and opera-glass ; the greater part of the moon's surface invisible ; 



reflecting telescope, size not stated. Mare Crisium and some other 



markings, but not the whole surface. Darker than any other that I 



have seen. 



Bird, (7), place, sky and means not stated. 

 — ■ • Saw seas and spots, varying with the stage of eclipse ; Aristarchus 



disappeared in the shadow, except at beginning and end. 



Noble, Maresfield, Engl., (8) ; sky and means not stated. 



