NO. 10 



SMITHSONIAN EXPLORATIONS, I923 



83 



ores were mined here in early daxs l)y the Mexicans and shipped to 

 Chihuahua; hut the distance of the market and the interference of 

 hostile Apaches rendered transportation rather hazardous. At the 

 time of the survey of the houndary hetween Mexico and the United 

 States, in 1854, the production of metal had practically ceased from 

 the upper end of the Mimhres, which lower down was raided by hos- 

 tiles and had become a dark and bloody ground. The Apaches were 



Fig. 79.- — Restoration of the parrot food bowl from the Mimbres Valley, 

 New Mexico. (Painted bv Mrs. George Mullett. ) 



embittered against the white jieople by atrocities they had suffered, 

 and the toll of death of bcjth races was large. From the year i860 to 

 1864 considerable mining was done there by Americans, but the 

 infamous killing of the Chief Mangas Colorado led to a general rising 

 of all of the Indians seeking revenge, and for several years no white 

 man entered or crossed this valley except with the greatest danger to 

 his life. Hundreds of travelers were killed in Cook's Pass and the 

 settlers in the vallev were in continual danger. The Indians found in 



