NO. 8 MANAHOAC TRIBES IN VIRGINIA BUSHNELL 39 



although this spot was under water when the photograph shown in 

 plate 14 was made, it is clearly defined in the view reproduced in 

 plate 15, figure i. It is the slight rise to the right and just beyond 

 the sharp turn in the line of brush and trees that marks the course 

 of a small stream that joins the Rappahannock far to the left in the 

 picture. Eight specimens are shown natural size in plate i6. The 

 one in the lower left is made of a mottled purplish jasper ; all others 

 are of a brownish-yellow color. The material was probably found 

 as pebbles or boulders in the stream bed. 



In addition to the great number of quartz arrowpoints that have 

 been found scattered over the surface, some examples of triangular 

 points made of black flint have been discovered. Three of the latter 

 are illustrated in plate i6, together with various small flaked objects 

 which, for want of better terms, may be called scrapers, knives, and 

 perforators. 



Chips of different kinds of rock are scattered over the surface — 

 evidence that implements and weapons were made on the site. These 

 are numerous near the rise on which the jasper scrapers and blades 

 were discovered, and at one place, within a space of a few feet, were 

 many thin flakes of diabase from 2 to 3 inches in length. These are 

 so greatly weathered and altered that it is often impossible to dis- 

 tinguish the natural from the flaked surfaces. Nearby was found the 

 specimen shown in the upper left corner of plate 16, probably a 

 cutting implement, made of diabase, the surface being deeply 

 weathered. 



Very little pottery was recovered from the site, but undoubtedly 

 much remains to be discovered. However, fragments that had 

 belonged to three different vessels were found on the left bank of 

 the river, near the water, and these proved to be of much interest. 

 The location is clearly shown in plate 15', figure 2, in the brush just 

 beyond the edge of the cultivated ground. The area was under 

 water during the September freshet. These specimens are illustrated 

 in plate 17, and may be described briefly: 



The two fragments, a, belonged to a vessel that would have 

 measured between 20 and 22 inches in diameter and probably about 

 10 inches in depth. Having a thickness of only ^ to /g inch, it would 

 necessarily have been rather fragile. The ware is porous in places, 

 but hard. It is of a light reddish brown, and as a result of unequal 

 firing is a more brilliant red in some places than in others. The 

 unusual feature of the vessel is the mixture of large pieces of crushed 

 quartz with the clay, some of the pieces being more than f inch 

 in length. Several of the pieces extend through the wall of the 

 4 



