MELANESIANS AND AUSTRALIANS AND THE 

 PEOPLING OF AMERICA 



By ales HRDLICKA 

 Curator, Dhnsion of Physical Anthropology, U. S. Natiotml Miiseum 



CONTENTS 



Page 



Introduction 2 



Earlier speculations 2 



Later theories 5 



Documentary and material evidence 6 



The " Negroes " of Darien and Peru 6 



The Lagoa Santa skulls g 



The skeletal remains of Lower California 11 



The Punin and Tunebo skulls 19 



Other finds 20 



Latest theories 22 



Fuegians 26 



The " Melanesians " of Bolivia 27 



Critiques 30 



Discussion 2,-^ 



Time 2,2 



Extension 35 



Cultural remains 35 



" Melanesians " in North America 36 



Skin, hair, nose, and other features 39 



The skull and the skeleton 40 



Additional notes : Lower California 41 



Physical characters of the Lower California aborigines 43 



Native traditions 44 



Modern exploration 44 



Skeletal remains (Lower California) 45 



Resume 47 



Bibliographic notes 49 



Pigasetta 49 



Cavendish 49 



Vizcaino 49 



Dixon 50 



Friederici 51 



Nordenskiold 51 



Nicolle 51 



Diguet 51 



Wiener 51 



Oetteking 52 



Literature cited 52 



Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol. 94, No. 11 



