l6 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 94 



In addition to the above, Quatrefages came to believe in the presence 

 and rather wide dispersion in pre-Cokimbian America of the early 

 Norsemen, the Canary Islanders, and perhaps other contingents of the 

 white race ; in smaller accidental accretions of the African Negroes ; 

 in the presence of small elements of the Polynesians and Indonesians, 

 and of larger numbers of the Chinese and Japanese. 



In 1890, before the VIII International Congress of Americanists 

 at Paris, Ten Kate (1892) returns once more to the question of the 

 racial affinity of the American natives. In speaking on the " Question 

 of Plurality and Parentage of the American Races ", he expresses 

 himself thus : 



I maintain that the Americans, by the assemblage of their characters, belong 

 to the yellow races and that they are, as the Malay and the Polynesians, con- 

 geners of the so-called Mongolic peoples of Asia. Moreover, I believe this to 

 be the opinion of the majority of anthropologists, French as well as others. 

 .... I have not arrived at this conclusion until after I have seen and ex- 

 amined a great number. (P. 293.) 



In 1917 Ten Kate still holds that "the somatic characteristics of 

 the American Indians, taken as a whole, are those of the yellow races 

 in general " ; also that " one finds Americanoid types almost every- 

 where: in Siberia, in the Himalayas and the neighboring regions, in 

 China, Japan, Indonesia, and Polynesia." He believes he can dis- 

 tinguish in America at least six principal or " primordial " and per- 

 haps as many secondary " races " ; some of which races, both principal 

 and secondary, inhabit also certain parts of eastern Asia and Oceania. 

 He makes no point of the occurrence of the seemingly Melanesian- 

 like skulls about La Paz in Lower California, and there is no refer- 

 ence in the paper to Melanesian or other blacks. 



In 1894 approximately 100 additional skeletal parts, including one 

 skull, are brought from the east coast of Lower California by Leon 

 Diguet and are shortly after that briefly reported upon by Deniker 

 (1895). The skull resembles in the essentials those reported by Ten 

 Kate; the bones indicate a stature, in the men, of about 162 cm. 



These remains, together with nine other skulls and some bones 

 from the same region brought by Diguet as a result of his second trip 

 to Lower California in 1898, became the property of the Museum 

 d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, and came to be studied, together with the 

 Ten Kate material which is in the collections of the Societe d' An- 

 thropologic in the same city, by Paul Rivet. Utilizing also data on 

 the small collection of Lower California remains preserved in the 

 United States National Museum at Washington, furnished by 

 Hrdlicka, Rivet in 1909 published a handsome report on the materials. 



