14 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 94 



found, at sites near Greer and Douglas, Ark., vessels that show the 

 same unmistakable design elements and technique as the Ouachita 

 specimens. The Douglas vessels came from a mound, but ]Moore makes 

 it quite plain that the mound was originally built for domiciliary 

 purposes and later used as a cemetery — hence the presence of sup- 

 posedly Caddo burials, which were probably intrusive at a later date. 

 Most of the pottery from these two sites was of the brightly painted 

 kind found more commonly in the lower Arkansas Valley and the 

 eastern part of the state. This type may have been the work of the 

 historic Arkansas (Quapaw) tribes, as is suggested by the finding of 

 European objects in burials where the painted ware is also present.'" 



The pottery found by Harrington in the southwestern corner of 

 Arkansas and believed by him to be Caddo in origin shows only slight 

 resemblance to that found at the Natchitoches site. The technique of 

 decoration in the use of engraved figures on the " Red River ware " 

 is the same, but there are difi^erences of detail in the shape of the 

 vessels and in certain elements of design, the scroll, for instance, being 

 less frequently employed. But there is a much greater range of 

 variation in the Arkansas vessels in both shape and ornamentation and 

 a greater elaboration of design, which is just what might be expected 

 if we are here dealing with the Grand Caddo tribe, the leader of the 

 confederation of which the Natchitoches and Ouachita were more 

 outlying members.'" 



When the sites farther to the west on Red River have been ex- 

 amined, as is being done by Prof. J. E. Pearce, of the University of 

 Texas, and also those somewhat more to the south of the river, we 

 may expect to find further similarities to the general Caddo ceramic 

 pattern, inasmuch as the Hasinai were known to have been closely 

 afifiliated with the Caddo in historic times. Likewise, when more 

 material is available from known sites of the other Caddo tribes, such 

 as the Adai, Yatasi, and Petit Caddo, we may be able to discover other 

 subtypes of this ware here identified as Caddoan. 



CONCLUSIONS 



The most significant result of the Natchitoches discovery seems to 

 be that we have here a site known from documentary sources to have 

 been occupied by the Natchitoches tribe as early as the end of the 



" Moore, C. B., Certain mounds of Arkansas and Mississippi. Journ. Acad. 

 Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 13, no. 4, p. 543, 1908. 



^ Harrington, M. R., Certain Caddo sites in Arkansas. Indian Notes and 

 Monogr., Mus. Amer. Indian, Heye Foundation, illus., 1920. 



