NO. 2 MISSOURI VALLEY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM — WEDEL 21 



of the molds yielded quantities of reddish-brown decayed wood and 

 wood dust, some of it identified through its characteristic odor as juni- 

 per. Basically, the house type indicated is not unlike that used by the 

 Pawnee, Arikara, and other early historic corn-growing, earth-lodge- 

 dwelling Indians of the eastern Great Plains, though it deviates in cer- 

 tain particulars. Several refuse and cache pits were also opened. A 

 ditch for defense still partially encloses the village area of perhaps 4 or 

 5 acres ; cultivation has presumably obliterated this feature over the 

 rest of the site. The ditch was probably built by the people who lived 

 in the circular dwellings, and so belongs to the later occupation. One 

 is tempted to suggest that the second and more recent occupation of 

 the site may be attributable to the late prehistoric or early historic 

 Arikara on their way up the river, although there is always a possi- 

 bility that other tribes may have shared this particular grouping of 

 material culture traits at one period. Further and more extensive 

 excavation is called for. 



On none of the sites tested was any evidence found of contact 

 between .Indians and white men. All, as indeed the great majority of 

 those recorded, will be flooded or otherwise adversely affected by the 

 reservoir and associated works. 



NORTH DAKOTA 



Two major water-control projects in North Dakota were surveyed 

 for archeological remains by a River Basin Surveys field party. 

 Marvin F. Kivett was in charge of the field work ; he was assisted 

 by Gordon F. McKenzie, John L. Essex, and Leo L. Stewart, students. 

 From June 13 to August 19, this group made a preliminary recon- 

 naissance in the Garrison Reservoir area, on the Missouri River above 

 Bismarck. On August 21, activities were transferred to Baldhill 

 Reservoir on the Sheyenne River above Valley City, where work was 

 terminated on August 29. At both projects, construction is under way 

 by the Corps of Engineers, and the time available for locating, record- 

 ing, and salvage of archeological materials is rapidly becoming shorter. 



Garrison Reservoir. — This project, one of the largest proposed or 

 under construction for the Missouri River Basin, is in the north- 

 western part of the State. The dam site is on the mainstem in McLean 

 and Mercer Counties, 55 miles northwest of Bismarck and about 15 

 miles south of Garrison. Here a rolled-fill earth embankment more 

 than 2 miles long will rise 210 feet above stream bed to create an 

 artificial lake extending upstream to a point above Williston, nearly 

 200 river miles distant. At the planned maximum pool elevation of 



