NO. lO MORPHOLOGY OF GNATHOTRICHUS — SCHEDL 9 



1881. Packard, A. S.(i2). 

 The author does not bring out new facts but repeats the statements 

 made by Fitch ( i ) and Perris. Also he mentions again the fact 

 given in his " Guide to the Study of Insects." Nomenclature : 

 Pityophthoriis matcriarhis Fitch. 



1886. ScHWARZ, E. A. (14). 



Remarks on North American Scolytids : 



Dr. Packard in his guide, p. 493 (see also Bull. 7, U. S. Ent. Comm., p. 174) 

 states that " a species, probably the Cryphahts viaferiariiis of Fitch, has been 

 found ... to bore into empty wine casks and spoil them for use." This 

 is undoubtedly a confusion of species, as C. matcriarhis lives in pine trees. 

 The species in question was probably Xyleborus fuscatus, which, in my 

 experience, bores in several kinds of deciduous trees. 



1890. ScHWARZ, E. A.(l6). 



Mr. Schwarz also stated that upon examination of about one hun- 

 dred and fifty specimens of the common Tomicus matcriarins 

 Fitch (now Gnathotrichus materiarius) he had failed to find any 

 males among them. In fact, the male sex appears to be never de- 

 scribed. He alluded to the rarity of, and difficulty in finding, the 

 males of most species of those Scolytid beetles which bore into 

 the solid wood, because the males never leave the burrows. 



Mr. Schwarz found Pinus inops as a host tree of Gnathotrichus 

 materiarius Fitch. 



1890. Packard, A. S.(i5). 



The author repeats nearly literally the statements of Fitch (i ). No 

 new facts. 



1893. Hopkins, A. D.(i7). 



Gnathotrichus materiarius Fitch. Timber-beetle. Enters green sap-wood at 

 base stumps of dying trees. Causes " pin holes," " bluing," hastens decay. 

 Infests pine. 



Adults, May 8, July 13, October 15, May 3, November 7. Wood, Hampshire, 

 Marion, Monongalia counties, West Virginia. 



Enemies : Histcr parallelus Say. 



1894. Hopkins, A. D.(2o). 



Gnathotrichus materiarius Fitch. Male = description of female. Female new. 

 Antennae with long hairs and bristles as in retusus. Head smooth and 

 sparsely punctured. Additional. Male head with elongated longitudinal 

 elevation in front, ending in an acute point just above base of mandibles. 



1895. Blandford, W. F. H.(24). 

 Only references to literature. 



1895. Hamilton, J. (23). 



Gnathotrichus materiarius, not rare, pine. 



