NO. II PUEBLO RUINS IN ARIZONA — HAURY AND HARGRAVE I05 



Sikyatki polychrome. There is no reason to believe that the kiva be- 

 came a refuse dump after it ceased to serve for ceremonial purposes 

 since the sherds were too few and scattered, and were not always 

 associated with ash deposits. It is believed these sherds were included 

 in the roofing clay. 



That the kiva was used after it was abandoned for ceremonial pur- 

 poses, however, is clear, for the rear had been made into a small 

 dwelling or storage room, by building in a cross wall, partitioning an 

 area approximately lo by 6 feet. The floor of this small room was 5 

 feet above that of the kiva and was made by leveling the accumulations 

 of fallen wall masonry that lay beneath it. The northwest and south- 

 west walls of the kiva were utilized in the smaller room, though an 

 auxiliary wall was built against and parallel to the northwest side. 

 These later walls were of inferior construction and were built of 

 irregular sandstone blocks, chinked with smaller pieces of the same 

 material set in thick clay mortar. 



All walls of the kiva were of roughly shaped sandstone blocks 

 averaging about 4 by 10 inches, and were set in thick mortar as in 

 the walls of dwelling rooms, which only differed from kiva walls in 

 that they were thinner and built of smaller stones. The kiva walls 

 were heavily plastered, there being 32 coats on the northeast wall, 

 the 29th of which was red. In the northwest wall, 4 feet 9 inches from 

 the northeast side and 3 feet 7 inches above the floor, was a badly 

 decayed wooden peg set in a hole approximately 2^ inches in diameter. 

 In the southwest wall and near each end, had once been two more 

 pegs of about the same size and distance from the floor as that noted. 

 Only small pieces of the decayed wood were found in these holes. It 

 is presumed that these pegs were for hanging ceremonial paraphernalia 

 or other objects, as in modern Hopi kivas. 



Originally, the kiva was much larger than at the time of abandon- 

 ment. On two separate occasions its dimensions were reduced by 

 strengthening walls (fig. 33). The original dimensions of the kiva 

 room, exclusive of the platform, were approximately 14 feet 6 inches, 

 by ii| feet. The back of the kiva, or the northwest wall, originally 

 was the plastered face of a midden, in which the kiva had been partly 

 excavated, and apparently served for several years since it was plas- 

 tered four times. That the " midden wall " weakened is indicated by a 

 slight bow in the middle, which was strengthened by building against it 

 a masonry wall about 8 inches in thickness which was in turn further 

 strengthened by a second masonry wall constructed at a point 3 feet 

 5 inches from the " midden wall," and ingeniously arranged with a 



