112 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. "J"] 



maximum thickness of 5 feet at the point where the wall was most 

 deeply undermined. In bedding the masonry, the ledge was swept 

 free from dust, and where it sloped abruptly it was chipped away 

 to provide a secure attachment of wall to cliff. 



It was Mr. Morris' original idea to use cement instead of adobe 

 for mortar. However, it was found possible to obtain the same quality 

 of clay used by the original builders, which is as hard as brick when 

 dry, and it was decided to use this material, thus avoiding the expense 

 of freighting cement from Gallup, New Mexico, 100 miles distant. 



Although the foundation placed beneath the Tower should remove 

 all danger from settling, other protective measures would be highly 

 desirable. The front wall was not perpendicular when constructed. 

 Up to the level of the second ceiling it sloped slightly outward, and 

 thence upward leaned toward the cliff'. Since it has parted from 

 both side walls, the maximum strain falls at the point of greatest 

 protuberance. Gravity, augmented by the tendency of high winds 

 to produce a swaying motion, might cause the wall to buckle at the 

 point of greatest stress and to topple outward. Rods with turnbuckles, 

 anchored in the cliff with expansion belts and passing through plates 

 on the outer side of the masonry, would prevent failure of this nature. 

 It was hoped that these could be installed within the limits of the 

 amount expended for protection in 1924, but this was not possible. 

 In addition to the placing of the rods, the Tower should be further 

 strengthened by the rebuilding of the southeast corner and its careful 

 bonding to both the front and east walls. It is to be hoped that pro- 

 vision for this work can be made in the near future ; for the Tower, 

 which is one of the finest gems of alwriginal architecture in the 

 entire Southwest, thus treated, would be preserved beyond doubt 

 or question for centuries to come. 



Besides the partial repair of the Tower, a breach was filled farther 

 along the wall which continues westward therefrom, and a foundation 

 was built beneath the high front wall of a room near the western end 

 of the east cave. 



STUDIES ON THE TULE INDIANS OF PANAMA 

 ETHNOLOGICAL AND LINGUISTIC STUDIES 



The bringing of a party of eight Tule Indians from Panama to 

 Washington in the middle of October by R. O. Marsh, mining en- 

 gineer and explorer, has afforded J. P. Harrington, ethnologist of 

 the Bureau of American Ethnology, the opportunity to make an 



