NO. lO ARCHEOLOGICAL COLLECTION FEWKES II 



is hollow, with small stones in the cavity, converting the handle into 

 a rattle, suggesting a baby's rattle.^ At times these were probably 

 shaken to divert the attention of the infant, but the noise produced by 

 such a rattle could hardly have been loud enough for use by dancers, 

 who also often use rattles, frequently described by students of the 

 ceremonial dances of the Pueblo Indians. Years ago the author col- 

 lected a ladle of prehistoric date, on the handle of which a human figure 

 was painted. The intention of this was practically the same as that 

 of the clay image in an imitation cradle above described. There 

 seems no doubt that these objects were used simply as toys to amuse 

 children, and when the images are found separated from the ladles 

 they have no sacred intent or character. 



Of the specimens of ladles with handles modified into cradles, 

 that shown on plate 7 is apparently better made and more highly 

 ornamented than the specimen (pi. 6) from Young's Canyon. The 

 bowl of the former has its interior decorated by a band with checker- 

 board pattern and there are two symbolic figures of rain clouds that 

 do not appear in the ladle from Young's Canyon. It also shows a 

 " broken line " called the " life gateway," so common in pottery 

 taken from the Gila Valley and ruins on the Middle Little Colorado, 

 as well as at Sikyatki and other ancient Hopi ruins. As this speci- 

 men is classed as black and gray (white) ware it is supposed to be- 

 long to the older types chronologically, but attention should be called 

 to the fact that this break in its surrounding lines is wanting in the 

 black and white ware of the San Juan ruins, and the evidence seems 

 to be that the broken line shows the influence of another prehistoric 

 epoch. 



One of the characteristics of the author's sketch of the figurine 

 in the Chicago specimen are the black marks that are drawn across 

 the face on either side, from the corner of the eyes and mouth to the 

 region of the ears. This is a common facial decoration of certain 

 personators in the sacred dances of the Hopi known as "clowns" 

 or Tatcukti, who are said to have come to Walpi from the south.' 

 In a dance that occurs in November, at the East Mesa, they carry 

 phallic symbols and are called Tataukyamu. 



Clay efifigies identical with those in the handles of these ladles, but 

 free from them, were collected by Kidder and Guernsey on the sur- 

 face near Ruin A, in the IMarsh Pass region, Arizona. Their use 



^22d Ann. Rept., Bur. Amer. Ethn. 



^ There are three different kinds of " clowns " at the East Mesa, called 

 Tatcukti, Koyimce, and Paiakyanm. The last mentioned are Tanoan ; the 

 second, Zuni. 



