l66  SMITHSONIAN    MISCELLANEOUS    COLLECTIONS  VOL.    q6 
squarish  in  shape,  with  a  flat  bottom,  rounded  corners,  and  smoothed 
edges. 
Plate  51,  figure  to,  is  a  long,  narrow  section  of  a  beluga  jaw, 
with  one  edge  sharpened  for  use  as  a  scraper,  from  cut  10,  depth 
22  inches. 
Another,  less  common  type  of  scraper,  found  only  at  the  Hillside 
site,  was  made  from  a  dog  femur,  with  a  section  of  the  shaft  cut 
away,  leaving  two  parallel  and  fairly  sharp  scraping  edges.  Three  of 
these  are  shown  in  plate  30,  figures  12-14.  The  first  two  are  from 
the  midden,  first  and  fourth  levels  respectively,  the  third  from  house 
no.  I ;  the  fourth  specimen  is  also  from  house  no.  i.  From  Miyowagh, 
cut  19,  depth  51  inches,  there  is  a  larger  scraper  of  this  same  general 
type  made  from  the  metatarsal  bone  of  a  reindeer.  This  is  the  only 
example  from  Gambell  of  the  two-handed  scraper,  a  type  which  occurs 
at  Point  Barrow,  among  several  groups  of  Central  and  Eastern  Eski- 
mos and  among  many  Indian  tribes  (  Birket-Smith.  1929.  vol.  2,  p.  37). 
Ladles,  Vessels,  Etc. 
Ivory  vessel. — The  ivory  vessel  (pi.  51,  fig.  12,  cut  16.  depth  23  in.) 
in  general  shape  resembles  some  of  the  scrapers,  but  the  incurving 
edges  would  make  it  unsuitable  for  such  a  purpose.  It  was  a  receptacle, 
probably  designed  for  some  special  use,  as  in  a  ceremony.  A  line  of 
very  small  round  pits  encircles  the  rim  ;  at  the  smaller  end  is  the  broken 
remnant  of  a  handle. 
Ladles. — Plate  51,  figure  14  (cut  19,  depth  30  in.)  is  a  much 
smaller  utensil  of  ivory,  probably  a  ladle.  Figure  15,  from  cut  19, 
depth  67  inches,  is  a  small  spoon  or  ladle  of  antler,  with  the  larger 
end  split  and  then  lashed  together  with  baleen  to  make  it  concave. 
Figures  13  and  16  are  two  wooden  ladles  from  cut  2t,,  depth  /2  inches, 
and  cut  18,  48  inches. 
In  plate  47,  figure  j6  (cut  2^,,  depth  81  in.)  is  shown  a  ladle  nr 
spoon  of  a  different  type  made  from  a  beluga  jaw.  It  has  a  long, 
narrow  handle,  perforated  at  the  end,  and  a  flaring  and  slightly  con- 
cave lower  end,  made  from  the  proximal  part  of  the  jaw.  Three  pairs 
of  narrow  rectangular  slots  were  cut  in  the  lower  end  to  hold  it 
together  after  it  had  split. 
Pottery 
In  a  treeless  region  like  St.  Lawrence  Island  the  oil-burning  lamp 
is  of  vital  importance,  performing  as  it  does  the  indispensable  func- 
tions of  heating  and  lighting  the  interior  of  the  house,  of  drying  wet 
