NO.    I  ARCHEOLOGY    OF    ST.    LAWRENCE    ISLAND COLLINS  1/3 
Shovels  ( ?). — In  plate  54,  figures  6-8,  are  shown  three  flat  wooden 
objects  from  house  no.  i,  Hillside  site,  which  may  have  been  used  as 
spades  or  shovels  for  some  particular  purpose  such  as  cleaning  out 
the  bottom  of  the  umiak.  Such  a  function  is  suggested  by  the  fact 
that  on  each  of  them  the  tapering  lower  edge,  and  the  edge  only,  is 
battered  and  worn  as  if  through  constant  scraping.  The  photograph 
shows  the  flat,  presumably  upper,  surface ;  the  under  side  is  somewhat 
convex.  The  edges  of  plate  54,  figure  7,  are  rather  sharp,  those  of 
the  other  two  thicker  and  more  rounded.  The  two  pairs  of  narrow 
slots  or  small  holes  near  the  upper  ends  were  evidently  for  the  lashing 
by  which  the  handle  was  held  on.  A  few  strands  of  the  lashing — of 
baleen — -remain  in  place  in  one  of  the  slots  in  figure  6. 
Plate  47,  figure  14,  cut  22,  depth  41  inches,  seems  to  have  been  a 
hook,  with  an  oblique  perforation  through  the  enlarged  lower  end 
for  holding  the  prong ;  there  is  an  incrustation  of  some  charred  greasy 
substance  around  the  lower  hole. 
Plate  47,  figure  15  (cut  10,  54  in.),  represents  a  highly  stylized 
human  face  on  the  enlarged  end  of  a  wooden  object  of  unknown  use. 
The  eyes  and  mouth  are  indicated  by  depressions  made  when  the  nose 
was  carved  out  in  relief. 
The  gougelike  lower  end  of  plate  47,  figure  10  (cut  27,  46  in.), 
and  ])late  t^J,  figure  7  (cut  8,  32  in.),  suggests  that  these  objects  may 
have  been  used  as  scrapers,  possibly  for  removing  the  fat  from 
intestines. 
Plate  47,  figure  1 1  (cut  27,  42  in.) ,  represents  a  rather  common  type 
of  implement,  probably  a  scraper  handle,  with  a  deep  rounded  socket 
for  the  blade ;  on  the  opposite  side  there  is  a  prominent  lip  at  the  rim 
for  holding  the  lashing  in  place.  Seven  other  handles  of  this  type  were 
found  at  Miyowagh,  as  follows :  Cut  7,  depth  ;^y  inches,  62  inches ; 
cut  18,  42  inches,  53  inches;  cut  19,  45  inches,  79  inches;  cut  24,  54 
inches. 
Engraving  tool. — The  wooden  object  shown  on  plate  57,  figure  6 
(cut  19,  79  in.),  is  probably  the  handle  of  an  engraving  tool.  In  the 
upper  end  is  a  small  pit  or  socket  about  1.5  cm  deep  and  2  to  3  mm 
in  diameter.  Such  a  socket  would  seem  to  call  for  a  metal  point,  al- 
though it  might  have  been  of  bone  or  ivory.  There  is  a  lashing  of 
baleen  around  the  upper  end ;  the  lower  end  is  widened  and  flanged, 
producing  a  shape  somewhat  suggestive  of  certain  Alaskan  needle 
cases. 
Plate  57,  figure  7,  is  a  long,  narrow  piece  of  wood  with  one  end 
pointed  and  notched — possibly  part  of  a  trap  or  snare. 
