l8o  SMITHSONIAN    MISCELLANEOUS    COLLECTIONS  VOL.    96 
Snotv  goggles. — Figure  6  is  one  half  of  a  pair  of  ivory  snow  goggles 
picked  up  on  the  surface  of  the  midden.  The  eye  slit  is  small,  only  2.5 
cm  long  and  .5  cm  wide.  Decoration  consists  of  a  few  curving  lines 
with  spurs  attached. 
Plug. — Figure  7  (cut  2,  28  in.)  is  an  ivory  plug,  probably  an  orna- 
ment of  some  kind.  It  has  a  rough  conical  tang  and  a  flat  smooth  upper 
face  on  which  there  are  five  small  round  pits,  drilled  to  a  depth  of 
between  2  and  3  mm. 
Toy  hozv. — Figure  8  (cut  19,  42  in.)  is  a  toy  bow  of  wood,  heavily 
reinforced  with  baleen.  A  thick  strand  of  baleen,  loosely  twisted  into 
a  cable,  extends  along  the  back,  being  held  on  by  cross  lashings  at 
regular  intervals.  The  under  side  is  reinforced  by  a  strip  of  wood 
bound  on  with  baleen.  In  this  toy  we  have  the  earliest  evidence  of 
the  use  of  the  sinew-backed  bow  on  St.  Lawrence  Island — for  in  all 
likelihood  the  baleen  on  the  toy  is  a  substitute  for  the  sinew  backing 
of  the  real  bow. 
Drill  shaft. — Figure  9  is  a  drill  shaft  of  unusual  type,  the  upper 
part  of  wood,  the  lower  part  of  ivory.  It  was  purchased  from  an 
Eskimo  who  had  excavated  it  at  Miyowagh,  from  a  depth  of  between 
I  and  2  feet.  The  upper  end  of  the  wooden  section  is  smoothed  and 
worn  where  it  revolved  in  the  drill  rest ;  the  lower  end  is  set  into 
the  hollowed  out  upper  end  of  the  ivory  section.  The  latter  is  decor- 
ated in  Punuk  style,  with  four  encircling  spurred  lines  and  inter- 
vening circular  pits,  some  drilled  to  a  depth  of  3  mm.  At  the  lower 
end  is  a  shallow  concavity  for  the  point  which  was  probably  of  metal ; 
opposite  this  is  a  lipped  edge  to  prevent  the  lashing  from  slipping. 
There  is  also  a  small  round  pit  in  the  end  1.5  mm  deep,  which  would 
seem  too  shallow  to  have  held  a  point,  even  of  metal.  Another  drill 
shaft  of  bone,  with  particles  of  iron  remaining  in  the  small  socket  at 
the  lower  end,  was  found  in  cut  20,  at  a  depth  of  22  inches. 
Engrai'ing  tools. — The  two  small  ivory  objects,  plate  60,  figures  10 
and  1 1,  are  engraving  tools  from  cut  27,  22  inches,  and  cut  3,  20  inches. 
Another  comes  from  cut  23,  depth  52  inches.  They  are  both  delicately 
made  ;  with  the  maximum  thickness — around  6  mm — at  the  center,  and 
both  ends  constricted.  Figure  10  is  6.2  cm  long.  The  upper  end  of 
figure  1 1  is  broken ;  the  center  is  pierced  by  four  slots.  These  imple- 
ments are  of  particular  interest  because  they  were  provided  with  iron 
points,  a  few  corroded  particles  of  which  still  remain  on  figure  n. 
These,  presumably,  were  the  implements  used  by  the  early  Punuk 
Eskimos  in  engraving  designs  on  ivory — designs  which,  as  we  have 
already  seen,  show  clear  evidence  of  having  been  produced  by  metal 
tools. 
