2o8  SMITHSONIAN    MISCELLANEOUS    COLLECTIONS  VOL.    96 
plate  70,  figures  4-6,  i.  e.,  open  socket  types  IV  and  IV  (a)  x.  It 
was  apparently  an  unimportant  type  on  St.  Lawrence  Island,  although 
it  occupies  a  prominent  place  on  the  Arctic  Coast,  where  it  appears 
as  a  comparatively  late  derivative  of  the  Thule  type  2. 
Summary 
The  harpoon  heads  from  levoghiyoq,  although  including  some  ex- 
amples identical  with  those  from  the  later  section  of  Miyowagh,  have 
for  the  most  part  undergone  considerable  modification.  The  pre- 
dominant form,  open  socket  type  III  (a)  x  (pi.  70,  figs.  8-15),  in- 
cludes a  few  heads  from  the  lower  levels,  e.  g.,  figure  8,  which  are 
indistinguishable  from  some  of  the  Miyowagh  specimens.  The  great 
majority  of  heads  of  this  type,  however,  have  taken  on  a  distinctive 
appearance ;  the  spur  has  become  thin,  rather  sharp  edged  and  flaring, 
with  the  end  cut  ofl:'  obliquely;  the  line  hole  has  become  somewhat 
larger,  and  there  is  a  general  tendency  toward  heaviness,  particularly 
of  the  lower  end.  Correlated  with  this  change  of  form  is  an  absence 
of  ornamentation.  None  of  these  later  heads  are  decorated,  whereas 
on  the  other  hand  most  of  those  that  have  retained  something  of  the 
old  form  bear  a  Punuk  ornamentation  comparable  to  that  which 
appeared  during  a  late  stage  at  Miyowagh. 
The  closed  socket  heads  show  similar  resemblances  and  dift'erences. 
A  definite  linkage  between  levoghiyoq  and  Miyowagh  is  provided  by 
a  few  of  the  closed  socket  forms  such  as  plate  70,  figures  17  and  21 
(types  V  X  and  V  y),  but  a  majority  of  them  have  become  specialized 
in  much  the  same  manner  as  the  open  socket  heads.  The  spur  has  either 
become  arched  as  on  the  open  socket  forms  or  long  and  pointed,  and 
the  graceful,  tapering  outline  has  been  lost. 
Among  the  new  forms  at  levoghiyoq  is  open  socket  type  IV,  with 
two  prominent  lateral  barbs  but  no  blades  of  any  kind.  In  general 
outline  these  heads  correspond  exactly  with  Mathiassen's  Thule  type 
2;  open  socket  type  IV  (a)  x  is  a  closely  related  form  with  two  pairs 
of  barbs  and  also  an  end  blade.  The  subtypes  of  type  II,  plate  70, 
figures  1-3,  intergrade  with  similar  forms  from  the  later  section  of 
Miyowagh  (pi.  28,  figs.  1-3)  and  are  probably  contemporaneous;  and 
just  as  at  Miyowagh,  most  of  these  type  II  heads  are  made  of  bone. 
Another  point  to  be  noted  is  the  preponderance  of  open  socket  heads 
at  levoghiyoq — 114  as  compared  with  only  19  with  closed  sockets.  At 
Miyowagh,  on  the  other  hand,  40  percent  of  all  the  heads  had  closed 
sockets. 
