NO.    I  ARCHEOLOGY    OF    ST.    LAWRENCE    ISLAND — COLLINS  215 
is  open  socket  type  III  (b)  y,  of  which  we  have  two  examples  (pi.  71, 
ligs.  10  and  28).  The  first  of  these,  from  Seklowaghyaget,  still  retains 
the  general  shape  and  features  of  type  III  (b)  ;  figure  28,  from  cut  i, 
old  section  of  Gambell,  depth  8  inches,  is  a  later  and  more  specialized 
form,  which  dififers  from  its  modern  descendant  (pi.  71,  fig.  29)  only 
in  having  an  "  open  "  socket.  The  spur  has  lost  the  acute  unilateral 
beveling  which  characterized  its  predecessor  (pi.  71,  fig.  10)  and  the 
closely  related  heads  of  type  III  (b)  x.  It  should  also  be  noted  that 
those  examples  of  the  latter  type,  such  as  plate  71,  figure  25,  that 
have  the  thickened,  rounded  contour  and  the  form  of  line  hole  peculiar 
to  the  modern  head,  also  have  the  modern  symmetrical  form  of  spur ; 
whereas  the  smaller,  flatter  examples,  e.  g.,  plate  71,  figure  24,  have 
the  asymmetrical  spur  produced  by  an  acute  beveling  on  the  socket 
side. 
The  bone  harpoon  head  shown  in  plate  71,  figure  21,  was  pur- 
chased from  an  Eskimo  at  Gambell,  and  its  exact  provenience  is 
unknown.  However,  the  wedge-shaped  socket  and  the  large  triangular 
line  hole  both  attest  its  recency.  It  is  introduced  for  the  purpose  of 
illustrating  two  features  which  none  of  our  harpoon  heads  happened 
to  show :  drilled  lashing  holes  around  the  socket,  and  rivet  holes  at 
the  tip  for  holding  the  blade  in  place.  On  St.  Lawrence  Island,  as 
elsewhere  in  Alaska,  it  is  only  the  modern  harpoon  heads  which  have 
rivet  holes  at  the  tip  (e.  g.,  pi.  71,  fig.  27,  and  two  others  from  house 
no.  10).  However,  a  number  of  the  Thule  heads  have  such  rivet 
holes  (e.  g.,  Mathiassen,  1927,  plate  i,  figure  6),  in  which  the  blade 
is  either  of  stone  or  of  meteoric  iron.  As  for  the  drilled  lashing  holes 
around  the  socket,  these  are  surprisingly  rare  at  Gambell,  even  on 
the  latest  of  the  prehistoric  heads.  Nelson  figures  a  harpoon  head 
which  has  them  (pi.  57,  fig.  13 — U.S.N.M.  no.  63334)  ;  the  general 
form  of  this  head  is  Thule  type  2,  but  it  also  possesses  an  iron  blade, 
with  rivet  holes.  From  Jenness'  work  at  Wales  and  Little  Diomede 
Island  we  know  that  drilled  lashing  holes  were  common  at  Bering 
Strait  but  here  again  they  were  relatively  late,  the  older  heads  all 
having  had  slots  for  the  lashing.  In  this  connection  it  is  of  interest 
to  note  that  drilled  lashing  holes  appear  to  be  mcrre  common  at  the 
old  site  of  Kukuliak,  to  the  east  of  Gambell,  than  elsewhere  on  St. 
Lawrence  Island,  if  we  may  judge  from  several  small  collections  from 
that  site  obtained  by  the  writer. 
Whaling  Harpoon  Heads 
Whaling  harpoon  heads  were  scarce  as  compared  with  those  used 
for  seal  and  walrus.   The  excavations  at  the  five  Gambell  sites  yielded 
