NO.    I  ARCHfi:0LOGY    OF    ST.    LAWRENCE    ISLAND COLLINS  227 
examples  were  found  at  Miyowagh,  from  cut  i,  depth  42  inches;  cut 
4.  15  inches;  and  cut  8,  12  inches.  From  levoghiyoq  there  are  two 
more,  one  from  cut  2,  depth  52  inches,  the  other  depth  unknown.  The 
only  other  sinker  of  this  type  comes  from  house  no.  8. 
Stone  sinkers. — Plate  80,  figure  4,  is  a  stone  sinker  for  a  tom  cod 
net,  found  at  the  old  section  of  Gambell,  depth  8  inches.  Just  above 
the  center  is  an  encircling  groove,  joined  by  two  vertical  grooves  from 
the  lower  end.  Tom  cod  nets  of  baleen  with  grooved  sinkers  at  the 
bottom  are  described  from  the  Chukchee  and  Siberian  Eskimo  (Bo- 
goras,  1904-09,  vol.  i,  p.  149,  fig.  65;  Nelson,  1899,  p.  187,  pi.  70, 
fig.  12).  They  are  also  used  on  St.  Lawrence  Island  at  the  present 
time.  Five  other  sinkers  similar  to  this  were  found  at  the  old  section 
of  Gambell  and  one  at  Seklowaghyaget.  The  tom  cod  net  was  known 
earlier,  however,  for  in  the  later  section  of  Miyowagh  we  found  the 
bottom  of  one  of  the  baleen  nets  and  several  small  sections  of  netting, 
but  none  of  the  sinkers. 
Meat  hooks.- — Only  two  meat  hooks  were  found  at  the  later  sites. 
One  of  these,  from  levoghiyoq,  was  of  the  type  shown  on  plate  35, 
figure  8 ;  the  other,  from  Seklowaghyaget,  depth  61  inches,  is  shown 
on  plate  75,  figure  18.  It  is  of  bone,  with  a  concave  base  and  a  slender 
pointed  prong;  there  is  no  slot,  the  lashing  passed  around  the  top, 
which  was  roughened  to  prevent  it  from  slipping. 
Wound  plugs. — ^Wedge-shaped  wooden  wound  plugs  were  also  rare. 
Plate  75,  figure  11  (lev.,  cut  i,  depth  31  in.)  illustrates  one  of  the 
three  which  were  found,  all  at  levoghiyoq;  the  other  two  come  from 
cut  I,  depth  50  inches,  and  cut  2,  26  inches.  They  are  smaller  and 
more  pointed  than  the  earlier  examples. 
Ice  creepers. — Only  one  ice  creeper  was  found  at  the  three  later 
sites,  the  specimen  shown  on  plate  75,  figure  24,  from  Seklowaghy- 
aget, purchased.  However,  two  of  those  from  the  later  section  of 
Miyowagh  may  also  be  regarded  as  of  Punuk  age.  One  of  these, 
plate  75,  figure  23  (cut  19,  24  in.),  is  of  ivory  with  the  three  spikes 
carved  out  in  relief ;  it  is  convex  on  the  opposite  side.  Plate  y^,  figure 
25,  of  bone,  from  cut  19,  depth  5  inches,  approaches  the  modern  ice 
creeper  in  shape  (Nelson,  p.  216),  although  it  has  the  three  widely 
spaced  ivory  pegs  characteristic  of  the  Old  Bering  Sea  type.  Plate  75, 
figure  26  is  a  modern  ice  creeper  from  St.  Lawrence,  shown  for 
comparison. 
Bird  bolas. — -The  bird  bola  is  another  imjxjrtant  element  that  makes 
its  appearance  in  the  Punuk  stage.  No  bola  weights  were  found  at 
the  Hillside  site.  At  Miyowagh,  37  were  found,  all  of  them  confined 
to  the  upper  levels  of  the  later,  northwestern  section,  as  follows :   Cut 
