244  SMITHSONIAN    MISCELLANEOUS    COLLECTIONS  VOL.    96 
purchased  (pi.  8i,  fig.  8).  Seklowaghyaget,  depth  12  inches,  picked 
up  on  surface;  purchased  (pi.  81,  fig.  11).  Old  section  of  Gambell, 
12  inches  (pi.  81,  fig.  7)  ;  32  inches. 
Plate  79,  figure  11,  is  a  pair  of  crude  snow  goggles  from  Seklow- 
aghyaget, made  from  a  section  of  walrus  penis  bone. 
Toys. — From  the  Punuk  sites  we  have  a  number  of  toys,  mostly 
of  ivory,  but  there  are  also  wooden  dolls,  bows  and  kayaks,  and  (from 
levoghiyoq)  the  small  bark  figures,  single  or  double,  representing 
whales — all  similar  to  the  Old  Bering  Sea  types  shown  in  plate  59, 
figures  I,  2,  6,  7,  13,  14,  16,  17,  26,  27. 
Other  Punuk  toys  of  ivory  are  shown  in  plate  83.  We  have  here 
the  first  appearance  of  the  small  ivory  bird  figures  (pi.  83,  figs.  7-11) 
which  today  are  so  common  on  St.  Lawrence  Island,  in  northeastern 
Siberia,  and  at  Bering  Strait.  They  are  used  by  the  children  in  play- 
ing a  kind  of  dice  game  just  as  among  the  central  Eskimo  (Boas, 
1888  a,  pp.  567-8).  They  are  also  very  common  in  the  Thule  culture 
(Mathiassen,  1927,  vol.  2,  pp.  117-118),  At  Gambell  they  appear  to 
be  restricted  to  the  two  latest  sites,  none  having  been  found  at  levoghi- 
yoq or  Miyowagh;  the  two  carved  figures  of  birds  found  at  the  Hill- 
side site  had  evidently  a  different  function.  The  great  numbers  of 
small  dogs,  bears,  foxes,  and  human  figures  carved  out  of  ivory,  which 
today  are  used  as  toys  by  the  children  on  St.  Lawrence  Island,  may 
be  somewhat  later  than  the  bird  figures,  as  none  were  excavated  at 
Gambell ;  however,  this  might  be  because  of  the  relatively  small  amount 
of  work  done  at  the  two  latest  sites.  Plate  83,  figures  8,  9,  and  11 
come  from  Seklowaghyaget,  depth  12  inches ;  the  other  two  were  pur- 
chased from  Eskimos  and  are  said  to  have  been  excavated  at  Seklow- 
aghyaget. A  sixth  specimen  comes  from  house  no.  10. 
The  three  ivory  whale  figures,  plate  83,  figures  16-18,  are  probably 
not  toys  but  objects  of  some  religious  significance.  The  first  is  from 
levoghiyoq,  depth  8  inches,  the  other  two  from  houses  nos.  9  and  8, 
respectively.  Figures  16  and  17  are  carved  realistically,  but  in  figure 
18  only  the  tail  is  represented  naturally;  it  also  has  a  long  hollow  on 
the  under  side;  both  figures  17  and  18  have  a  slot  just  below  the 
tail.  There  are  also  several  whale  figures  of  wood,  carved  rather 
crudely  and  larger  than  these. 
Two  toy  sledges  and  a  sledge  runner  are  shown  in  plate  83,  figures 
1-3.  The  runner,  from  levoghiyoq,  depth  31  inches,  is  of  the  form 
described  above  as  Punuk  type  2.  The  sledges,  both  of  which  were 
purchased  from  the  Eskimos,  have  the  sides  and  runners  carved  in  one 
piece ;  otherwise  they  are  identical  with  one  from  St.  Lawrence  Island 
figured  by  Nelson  (fig.  132).   Figure  2  is  14.7  cm  long;  it  has  round 
