NO.    I  ARCHKOLOGY    OF    ST.    LAWRENCE    ISLAND COLLINS  335 
are  characterized  by  a  more  extensive  use  of  chipped  stdiie  than  are 
tiie  later.  At  Cook  Inlet  this  was  definitely  so,  as  stated  liy  de  Lagnna 
(  1934,  p.  129)  :  "  The  stone  industry  of  the  earlier  times  is  char- 
acterized by  the  greater  relative  importance  of  chipping,  including 
even  the  chipping  of  slate."  The  same  seems  to  be  true  of  Kodiak, 
for  Hrdlicka  (1935,  p.  48)  states  that  at  the  lower  levels  of  the 
middens  there  was  a  "  prevalence  of  chipped,  with  rarity  of  polished, 
large  points  and  knives." 
Jochelson  does  not  diiTerentiate  between  the  material  from  different 
levels  in  the  Aleutian  middens,  but  since  many  of  the  Cook  Inlet  and 
Kodiak  types  of  stone  implements  are  found  there,  the  chances  are 
that  similar  conditions  prevail. 
In  the  eastern  Arctic  the  Dorset  culture  is  distinguished  from  the 
Thule  by  a  preponderance  of  chipped  stone  implements : 
Implements  of  ground  slate,  which  are  so  common  in  Thule  remains,  are 
comparatively  scarce  compared  with  the  number  of  chipped  implements  made 
from  chert,  chalcedony,  and  quartz [Jenness,  1933,  p.  392.] 
The  fact  that  the  older  stages  of  Eskimo  culture  are  characterized 
l)y  a  more  extensive  use  of  chipped  stone  implements  than  are  the 
later  stages  would  seem  to  indicate  the  retention  of  a  stone  technique 
characteristic  of  the  Mesolithic  and  Neolithic  horizons  of  central  and 
eastern  Asia. 
Among  the  chipped  stone  implements  from  the  Hillside  site  the  most 
common  forms  of  knife  blades  and  arrow  points  are  those  with  tang, 
although  the  tangless  leaf-shaped  form  is  also  represented  (pi.  40). 
These  are  types  of  such  very  wide  distribution  both  in  America  and 
the  Old  World  that  their  presence  here  is  to  be  exj^^ected.  The  same 
is  true  of  the  small  end  scrapers  (pi.  42,  figs.  4-10),  which  are  charac- 
teristic of  Eskimo  culture  generally,  and  of  many  other  culture  phases 
in  America  and  the  Old  World. 
This  is  not  altogether  true  of  some  of  the  other  Old  Bering  Sea 
types,  particularly  gravers  and  the  various  types  of  side  scrapers ;  for 
although  these  occur  sporadically  elsewhere  in  America,  it  is  rarely  that 
we  find  an  assemblage  of  such  types  at  one  site.  This  may  be  explained 
I>artly  by  the  fact  that  in  many  cases  little  attention  may  have  been 
l)aid  to  the  simpler  forms  of  stone  implements,  such  as  retouched 
Hakes,  scrapers,  etc.  For  this  reason  it  is  hardly  possible  to  draw 
comparisons.  It  should  be  observed,  however,  that  within  the  Eskimo 
area  the  nearest  approach  to  the  Old  Bering  Sea  assemblage  of  chipped 
stone  implements  seems  to  be  found  in  the  Disko  Bay  region  of  west 
Greenland  (Solberg,  1907;  Mathiassen,  1934),  though  it  must  be  re- 
