NO.    I  ARCHEOLOGY    OF    ST.    LAWRENCE    ISLAND COLLINS  363 
Whaling  harpuun  licads   (pi.  4,  fig.  8) 
Finger  rests  with  constricted  sides   (pi.  5,  figs,  i,  2) 
Arrowheads  with  shouldered  or  knobbed  tangs  (pi.  8,  figs.  1-7) 
Arrowheads  with  single  barb  (pi.  9,  figs.  3,  4,  7) 
Blunt  pointed  bird  arrows   (p.  3/) 
Sinew  twisters  for  bow   (pi.  8.  figs.  8,  9) 
Bola  weights  (pi.  11,  figs.  1-8) 
Barbs  for  salmon  spears  (pi.  12,  figs.  10,  11) 
Bone  knives  (pi.  13,  fig.  15) 
Knife  handles  approaching  the  "crooked"  shape   (pi.   18,  figs.  2,  3) 
Wedge-shaped  adz  heads  with  inserted  blade  and  roughened  groove  for 
lashing  (pi.  20,  figs,  i,  3,  10) 
Drop  pendants  of  ivory    (pi.  30,  figs.   1-17) 
Sealing  scratchers   (pi.  41,  figs,  g,  10) 
One  bird  bone  inserted  in  another  (pi.  43,  fig.  10) 
"Wings"  on  needle  cases  (pi.  52,  fig.  2) 
Bear  tooth  amulets  (pi.  57,  figs.  2,  3) 
Thimble  holder  (pi.  63,  fig.  6) 
The  foUowino'  Tlitile  elenicnt.s  are  characteristic  of  modern  St. 
Lawrence  Lsland  culture  but  are  lacking  in  l)oth  the  Old  Bering  Sea 
and  Punuk : 
Flat  bone  sledge  shoes  (Mathiassen,  1927,  vol.  i,  pi.  13,  figs,  i,  2) 
Trace  buckles  for  dog  harness  (pi.  14,  figs.  3-9) 
Dog  tooth  pendants  (pi.  29,  figs.  9-14) 
Ivory  bird  figures  (pi.  32,  figs.  1-6) 
Wick  ledges  in  lamps 
Rivet  and  lashing  holes  on  harpoon  heads 
From  this  comparison  it  appears  that  the  Thule  culture  is  much 
more  closely  related  to  the  Punuk  and  even  to  modern  St.  Lawrence 
culture  than  it  is  to  the  Old  Bering  Sea  culture.  In  addition  to  the 
features  cited  above,  it  will  be  recalled  that  Thule  art  belongs  also 
to  the  modern  or  late  Punuk  phase  on  St.  Lawrence  Island  ;  and  that 
the  St.  Lawrence  houses  which  show  the  closest  resemblance  to  the 
stone  and  whale  bone  houses  of  the  Thule  culture  are  also  relatively 
recent,  belonging  to  the  late  Punuk  stage.  Examining  the  list  of 
elements  which  are  common  to  the  Thule  and  both  of  the  prehistoric 
culture  stages  on  St.  Lawrence  Island,  we  see  that  these  are  for  the 
most  part  simple,  fundamental  elements  of  wide  distribution,  most  of 
which  are  also  characteristic  of  the  modern  St.  Lawrence  Eskimos. 
This  list  could  be  extended  considerably  if  we  were  to  disregard 
sj^ecific  differences  and  include  such  general  features  as  open  socket 
harpoon  heads,  socket  pieces,  finger  rests,  the  bow,  throwing  board, 
adzes,  etc.  But  these,  added  to  the  list  as  given,  would  be  only  a 
further  indication  of  the  fundamental,  general  relationship  between 
