NO.    4      INDIAN    SITES    ON    THE    RAPPAHANNOCK BUSHNELL  I3 
The  agreement  was  for  mutual  help  and  understanding.  The  fifth 
article  reads :  "  That  the  Sasquesahannoughs  shall  finde  the  English 
Souldiers  with  sufficient  fish  and  flesh,  and  bread  ready  beaten."  The 
last  item  is  thought  to  have  been  tuckahoe,  as  described  on  page  5. 
Trouble  continued  within  the  Province  and  on  November  17,  1663, 
the  following  statement  was  made  to  the  Council : 
Whereas  Sundry  Complaints  have  been  made  unto  mee  by  the  Queene  of 
Portaback  in  behalfe  of  her  Selfe  and  Indians  undr  her,  Intimating  how  that 
they  have  not  only  left  their  Towne  standing  by  the  water,  but  have  removed 
themselves  farther  of  even  to  their  utmost  bownds  of  their  land — Leaving  place 
to  the  English  to  Seate  on  theire  ancient  plantacons  by  the  River  side  the 
English  not  being  (as  they  informe  mee)  contented  with  what  Land  is  allready 
freely  granted  Doe  still  take  up  land  and  Seate  themselves  very  nigh  unto  the 
said  Indians  whose  stocks  of  Cattle  and  hoggs  doe  and  will  yearely  destroy 
theire  Corne  fields  by  which  meanes  they  must  of  necessity  come  to  ffamine 
they  not  knowing  the  way  and  meanes  to  fence  in  theire  Corne  flfeilds  as  the 
English  doe  will  soon  come  to  destruccon  .  .  . 
The  English  were  then  ordered  to  remain  away  from  the  Indian 
lands. 
The  northern  Indians  again  invaded  the  Province  and  soon 
reached  the  banks  of  the  Potomac  and  the  shore  of  Chesapeake  Bay. 
As  recorded  in  the  Proceedings  of  the  Council : 
Att  a  Councell  held  the  27th  June  1664:  Then  was  taken  into  Consideracon 
the  prservacon  of  the  province  agt  the  incursion  of  the  Cinego  Indians "  who 
lately  killed  some  English  in  Ann  Arundell  County  &  alsoe  entred  the  County  of 
S'  Marys,  Ordred  tht  Warr  be  pclaimed  agt  the  Cinego  Indians  tht  a  Reward  of 
a  hundred  Armes  lenght  of  Roan  Oake  be  given  to  evry  pson  whether  Indian  or 
English  tht  shall  bring  in  a  Cinego  prisonr  or  both  his  Eares  if  he  be  slayne  .  .  . 
Many  Maryland  Indians  may  at  this  time  have  crossed  the 
Potomac  to  seek  new  homes  in  Virginia,  where  they  became  estab- 
lished on  more  ancient  sites  that  had  been  seen  by  the  English  in 
1608  and  which  were  shown  on  the  1624  map.  However,  it  is 
evident  that  all  did  not  abandon  their  lands  beyond  the  Potomac  in 
Maryland,  and  the  names  of  many  tribes  were  joined  in  a  treaty  made 
2  years  later.   This  was  recorded  in  the  Proceedings  of  the  Assembly : 
Articles  of  peace  &  amity  concluded  agreed  upon  between  the  R'.  honoble 
Caecilius  Lord  &  Prop^.  of  the  Province  of  Maryland  &  Avalon  Lord  Barron, 
of  Baltemore  &  the  Indians  of  Pascattoway  Anacostanck,  Doags,  Mikiki- 
womans,  Manasquesend,  Mattawomans,  Chingwawateick,  Hangemaick,  Porto- 
backes,  Sacayo,  Panyayo,  &  Choptico  the  20'h  day  of  Aprill  1666. 
The  treaty  contains  many  interesting  references  to  conditions  and 
customs,  and  to  the  privileges  accorded  the  Indians. 
^"  The  Seneca  Indians ;  the  name  Seneca,  however,  was  usually  applied  to  all 
members  of  the  Five  Nations. 
