io8 
SMITHSONIAN    INSTITUTION 
pottery  and  objects  of  stone,  some  broken  and  others  entire,  were  scat- 
tered over  the  surface,  indicating  the  location  of  a  native  village  which 
had  been  occupied  centuries  ago.  Examples  of  the  specimens  col- 
lected at  that  time  are  shown  in  figure  112.  Above  are  15  objects  made 
of  white  quartz,  so  plentiful  in  the  valley.  Projectile  points,  knives, 
and  scrapers  are  included  in  the  group.  The  four  pieces  to  the  left 
in  the  second  row  mav  have  been  mounted  as  knives  and  their  simi- 
FiG.  III. — Looking-  down  the  Rappahannock.   Site  of  the  ancient  settlement  to  the 
right  of  the  black  arrow.    (Photograph  by  U.  S.  Army  Air  Corps.) 
larity  in  form  and  size  is  remarkable,  but  being  made  of  quartz  the 
condition  and  appearance  of  the  surface  does  not  aid  in  determining 
their  relative  age.  Below  are  9  pieces  representing  a  variety  of  forms, 
all  made  of  diabasic  rock  and  with  surfaces  equally  altered  as  a  result 
of  long  exposure.  At  the  bottom  is  a  cylindrical  pestle,  with  a  short, 
shallow  groove  clearly  shown  in  the  photograph.  Two  forms  of 
scrapers  may  be  recognized.  All  specimens,  quartz  and  diabase,  are 
thought  to  be  of  approximately  the  same  age.  Some  fragments  of 
earthenware  found  on  the  site  bear  the  impression  of  coiled  basketry, 
and  this  is  considered  the  oldest  form  of  pottery  occurring  in  the 
Rappahannock  valley;  other  pieces  are  cord-marked  and  some  are 
smooth,  porous,  and  deeply  pitted  through  the  leaching  away  of  the 
