22  SMITHSONIAN    MISCELLANEOUS    COLLECTIONS  VOL.    96 
6  E,  Tes),  lying  freely  in  the  abdominal  cavity  on  each  side  of  the 
intestine,  and  are  irregularly  convoluted.  They  pass  insensibly  into 
thick  vasa  deferentia  (Vd),  which  are  coiled  back  and  forth  a  few 
times.  Their  junction  with  the  ejaculatory  duct  (Dcj)  occurs  in  the 
ninth  segment,  and  at  the  point  of  union  two  pairs  of  accessory  glands 
(AcGIds)  are  given  off.  The  outer  pair  of  glands  (b)  consists  of 
long  tubes  extending  forward  almost  as  far  as  the  testes,  but  are  not 
coiled.  They  are  thickened  at  their  anterior  ends,  which  are  bluntly 
rounded.  The  inner  pair  (a)  are  much  shorter  and  stouter  than  the 
outer  glands  and  appear  to  have  a  lobulated  inner  structure."  It  is 
possible  that  one  pair  of  these  "  glands  "  will  be  found  to  be  sperm 
vesicles. 
The  structure  of  the  genital  organs  of  Gryllohlatta,  both  external 
and  internal,  suggests  that  the  grylloblattids  are  simply  generalized 
Orthoptera.  A  generalized  orthopteron  should  have  a  generalized 
ovipositor,  such  as  that  of  the  female  of  Gryllohlatta.  According  to 
Ford  (1926)  Gryllohlatta  (in  confinement)  deposits  its  eggs  in  the 
soil,  the  ovipositor  being  held  at  right  angles  to  the  abdomen,  and 
the  eggs  passed  through  it.  This  primitive  egg-laying  habit  has  been 
but  little  modified  in  Tettigoniidae  and  Gryllidae,  and  consequently 
the  ovipositor  in  these  families  retains  the  generalized  structure. 
In  Mantidae  and  Blattidae,  on  the  other  hand,  the  ovipositor  has 
acquired  a  specialized  form  in  adaptation  to  the  acquired  habit  of 
enclosing  the  eggs  in  a  cocoon  or  ootheca.  The  external  male  genitalia 
of  Gryllohlatta  are  generalized  in  that  they  consist  of  separate  phallic 
lobes;  though  they  acquire  a  specialized  structure  in  the  adult,  as 
they  do  in  Mantidae  and  Blattidae,  the  lobes  do  not  unite  to  form  a 
composite  phallic  organ  enclosing  the  terminus  of  the  ejaculatory  duct 
as  in  other  Orthoptera.  Ford  (1926)  says  the  type  of  spermatheca 
found  in  Gryllohlatta  indicates  the  formation  of  a  spermatophore ; 
but  from  what  we  now  know  it  is  probable  that  most  Orthoptera 
produce  spermatophores.  The  internal  male  genitalia  of  Gryllohlatta 
are  unquestionably  generalized,  and  most  closely  resemble  those  of 
Phasmatidae,  in  which  there  is  a  relatively  small  number  of  accessory 
gland  tubules  (fig.  7  A,  B,  C,  AcGlds)  and  the  testes  may  be  simple 
tubes  (A,  Tcs).  The  freedom  of  the  genital  appendages  of  the  male 
from  the  sternum  of  the  ninth  abdominal  segment  is  a  primitive 
feature  found  nowhere  else  in  the  Orthoptera.  The  reduction  of  the 
epiproct  occurs  in  Embioptera  and  Phasmatidae  as  well  as  in  Gryl- 
lohlatta, and  suggest  an  approach  to  the  almost  complete  elimination 
of  the  epiproct  in  Mantidae  and  Blattidae. 
