74  SMITHSONIAN    MISCELLANEOUS    COLLECTIONS  VOL.    96 
several  sets  of  the  latter,  as  in  Phaneroptera  furcata  (fig.  20  A,  b,  c,  d), 
it  must  have  either  a  differentiated  structure  or  a  mixed  composition. 
No  studies  have  been  made  on  the  manner  by  which  the  tettigoniid 
spermatophore  is  formed,  but  inasmuch  as  only  the  necklike  stalk  is 
introduced  into  the  genital  chamber  of  the  female,  it  is  evident  that 
the  sperm  capsules  at  least  are  produced  in  the  genital  tracts  of  the 
male.  After  the  capsules  are  ejected  from  the  endophallus,  they  are 
covered  by  a  discharge  of  gelatinous  or  albuminous  material  from  the 
large  anterior  tubules  of  the  accessory  glands. 
In  effecting  copulation  with  the  female,  the  male  tettigoniid,  as 
described  by  Gerhardt  (1913),  clasps  the  female  at  the  base  of  the 
ovipositor  with  his  cerci.  The  phallus  is  then  everted  and  introduced 
into  the  genital  chamber  of  the  female.  The  sperm-containing  capsules 
are  now  ejected,  and,  as  the  male  organ  is  withdrawn,  the  outer 
covering  of  the  spermatophore  is  discharged  upon  them.  While  the 
function  of  the  various  parts  of  the  phallic  apparatus  are  not  described, 
it  is  evident  that  the  exposed  structures  have  no  role  in  the  formation 
of  the  spermatophore. 
Rhaphidophorinae. — In  the  camel  crickets  the  dorsal  cavity  of  the 
phallus  is  entirely  closed  over  by  a  posterior  extension  of  its  anterior 
margin  as  in  Decticinae  (fig.  22  F,  dc),  but  the  free  margin  of  the 
covering  fold  {e)  is  strongly  and  variously  sclerotized,  forming  a 
conspicuous  plate  (fig.  30  B,  c)  arched  over  the  genital  opening.  The 
form  of  this  plate  ("  epiphallus  "  or  "  pseudosternite  ")  is  character- 
istic of  different  species;  Hubbell  (1936)  says  its  modifications  in 
structure  are  of  utmost  taxonomic  value  in  the  study  of  the  genus 
Ceuthophilus,  and  he  gives  seven  plates  illustrating  its  variations  of 
form  in  this  genus.  Most  unfortunate  it  is,  therefore,  that  the  sclerite 
has  no  appropriate  name.  The  term  "  pseudosternite  ",  commonly 
now  given  to  it,  suggests  a  sternal  derivation,  which  the  sclerite  in 
question  certainly  does  not  have,  and  the  alternative  "  epiphallus  " 
would  relate  it  to  the  sclerite  so  called  in  Acrididae  (fig.  41  A,  Epph). 
The  latter  is  situated  dorsally  on  the  base  of  the  phallus,  where  it  is 
developed  in  the  nymph  (fig.  42  D,  H,  Epph).  Since  the  sclerite  in 
Rhaphidophorinae  is  evidently  derived  from  the  basal  fold  of  the 
dorsal  cavity  of  the  phallus  (fig.  22  D,  F,  e),  it  has  a  certain  analogy 
at  least  with  the  epiphallus  of  Acrididae,  and,  for  want  of  a  better 
term,  is  here  called  the  epiphalhts.  The  same  sclerite  is  highly  devel- 
oped in  Gryllidae. 
The  dorsal  sac  of  the  phallus  of  Rhapidophorinae  lacks  the  sclerotic 
armature  present  in  Decticinae,  but  in  place  of  it  there  is  usually  a 
pair  of  soft,  eversible,  fingerlike  papillae  (figs.  22  F,  30  F,  h) .   The 
