94  SMITHSONIAN    MISCELLANEOUS    COLLECTIONS  VOL.    96 
The  spermatophore  of  Gryllotalpa  vulgaris  is  described  by  Ger- 
hardt  (1913)  as  an  oval  body,  strongly  convex  on  its  upper  surface, 
the  shape  evidently  being  such  as  would  fit  the  phallic  pouch,  where 
undoubtedly  the  spermatophore  is  molded.  The  outer  surface  of  the 
spermatophore,  Gerhardt  says,  is  formed  of  a  hard,  smooth  external 
coat,  which  encloses  both  the  sperm  capsule  and  the  duct  of  the  latter. 
The  duct,  after  leaving  the  capsule,  is  looped  within  the  spermato- 
phore, and  opens  on  a  papilla  at  one  end  of  the  latter  between  two 
small  lobes  that  serve  for  the  attachment  of  the  spermatophore  in  the 
female.  No  observations  have  been  made  on  the  manner  in  which  the 
sperm  capsule  and  duct  are  formed  within  the  phallic  pouch  before 
they  are  ensheathed  in  the  common  outer  covering. 
The  mating  habits  of  Gryllotalpa  (presumably  hexadactyla)  are 
described  by  Baumgartner  (1911),  who  says  that  two  pairs  of  insects 
observed  in  copulation  took  the  very  unusual  position  for  Orthoptera 
of  having  the  abdomens  attached  end  to  end,  the  female  standing 
upright,  but  the  male  being  on  his  back.  Gerhardt  (1913),  however, 
says  that  the  mating  habits  of  Gryllotalpa  vulgaris,  as  exhibited  by 
one  pair  observed,  are  the  same  as  those  of  Gryllidae,  the  male  taking 
the  usual  position  beneath  the  female,  and  the  bodies  of  the  two 
insects  being  in  the  same  direction. 
The  internal  reproductive  organs  of  Gryllotalpa  (fig.  39  A)  differ 
from  those  of  Gryllus  (fig.  34  A)  in  the  large  size  of  the  anterior 
part  of  the  ejaculatory  duct  (fig.  39  A,  Dej),  the  greater  differentia- 
tion among  the  tubules  of  the  accessory  glands  (AcGlds),  the  presence 
of  a  pair  of  seminal  vesicles  (Vsiii),  and  of  a  median  tubular  phallic 
gland  (PJiGld).  The  testes  (Tes)  are  elongate  oval  bodies,  each 
composed  of  numerous  small  pyriform  sperm  tubes  within  a  common 
peritoneal  sheath,  attached  radially  by  fine  ducts  to  the  vas  deferens, 
which  traverses  the  axis  of  the  testis.  The  vasa  deferentia  form  each 
a  large,  closely  coiled  epididymis  (Epdm)  before  entering  the  ejacula- 
tory duct.  Most  of  the  accessory  glands  consist  of  two  large  lateral 
masses  of  tubules,  of  which  the  more  anterior  are  longer  and  thicker, 
but  posteriorly  there  are  two  small  globular  masses  of  fine  tubules  (d) 
lying  close  to  the  usual  vesicular  glands  (cjv)  opening  into  the  end 
of  the  ejaculatory  duct.  The  vesiculae  seminales  (Vsm)  are  a  pair  of 
large,  dilated,  lateral  diverticula  from  the  posterior  part  of  the 
ejaculatory  duct ;  at  their  bases  are  given  oflf  a  pair  of  slender  tubes. 
The  long,  median,  tubular  phallic  gland  (PhGld)  lies  on  the  dorsal 
surface  of  the  ejaculatory  duct,  and,  as  already  noted,  opens  on  the 
dorsal -lip  of  the  phallus  (fig.  38  B). 
