12 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 89 



been found on the surface near the point where the ditch was dug. 

 Nothing, however, was discovered beneath the surface, nor was 

 there any indication of disturbance of the earth. Conditions may 

 be different on other parts of the site, but that remains to be deter- 

 mined at some future time. 



Other discoveries and localities of special interest will now be 

 described. 



THE SOURCES OF HARDWARE RIVER 



Red Hill is a small station on the Southern Railway about 15 

 miles south of the Rivanna. A few hundred yards beyond the sta- 

 tion the right of way crosses the North Fork of Hardware River 

 just below the junction of the South Branch and North Branch, 

 which here unite to form the main stream. Westward from this 

 point the country is open and rolling and rises gradually to the foot- 

 hills of the Blue Ridge about 3 miles in a direct line beyond. The 

 entire area is drained by small branches which eventually reach the 

 Hardware, and these are fed by innumerable springs, some of them 

 large, ever-flowing springs of clear, cold water. It is a beautiful 

 country, where wild game was formerly abundant ; it had attracted 

 the Indian hunter long before it was traversed by the white man two 

 centuries ago. Across the divide to the westward, beyond Israel 

 Gap, the drainage is into Mechum River, one of the two streams 

 which unite to form the South Fork of the Rivanna. 



Eastward from the crossing of the railway the Hardware flows 

 through a very narrow valley with heavily timbered hills rising on 

 both sides, but a mile or more beyond, after passing Dudley Moun- 

 tain, the country becomes more open on the left, or north side, al- 

 though steep hills continue on the south. The entire region was for- 

 merly covered by a dense forest, much of which remains. 



Although the name " Hardware " is now applied to the stream, it 

 was evidently called " Hardwater " during the days of Jefferson and 

 was so designated on the map which accompanies the edition of 

 " Notes on the State of Virginia," issued in Philadelphia in 1801. 



THE BERKELEY CACHE 

 Just north of the left bank of the main stream of Hardware 

 River, and about 1}^ miles south of east from the Red Hill station, 

 is the farm of Francis L. Berkeley. It covers part of the southeast- 

 ern slope of Dudley Mountain, which continues several hundred 

 yards and reaches the left bank of the river. The stream is rather 

 narrow, rapid in places, and the bed is rocky. Canoes could not 



