20 SMITHSONIAX MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 89 



the far north or northwest, in the vicinity of the Great Lakes. Two 

 other examples, very similar to this, are in the collections of the 

 United States National Museum. One is from North Carolina and 

 the other from Ohio. In the latter the new perforation had been 

 started but not completed, and the edges of the fractured end had not 

 been smoothed. These curious objects, of unknown use, had evidently 

 been treasured by their owners. No fragments of pottery have been 

 found on the site just mentioned. 



Southwest of the Oliver residence, near the foot of the slope a 

 short distance from the left bank of the South Branch, are traces of 

 either a more extensive camp or, what is more probable, a site that 

 had been frequently occupied. A spring formerly issued from the 

 side of the hill just above the site, and the water flowed through a 

 narrow channel to join the branch a few^ hundred feet away. This 

 would have been a beautiful location for a camp, on the southern 

 slope of a well- wooded hill which afforded protection against the 

 north and west winds, and with a good supply of pure water. The 

 land has been cultivated for many years, the gully filled, and the 

 spring covered. 



Arrowheads are numerous on the slope and adjacent low ground, 

 and here they are more varied in form and in material than are those 

 on the plateau above, where the more common types made of quartz 

 and quartzite, occurring in the region, predominate. A few hammer- 

 stones, a pestle or clublike object, several pitted stones and extremely 

 rough axes, one of which is shown in plate 9, d, all very crude, have 

 been found here. One small fragment of a soapstone vessel and many 

 bits of pottery have been recovered from the surface. The pottery is 

 so weathered and the surface so disintegrated that it is seldom pos- 

 sible to determine the marking on the outer face ; some fragments re- 

 veal the imprint of small twisted cords, but no impression of woven 

 cloth has been recognized as such, although some few suggest the im- 

 print of rigid basketry. The fragments resemble those found on the 

 site of Monasukapanough, bordering the Rivanna. 



About a third of a mile west of north of the Oliver house, on both 

 sides of a small stream which flows into the Middle Branch just 

 before the latter unites with the North Fork of the Hardware, are 

 traces of a camp. The ground is very low, often marshy, and conse- 

 quently difficult to examine. Many fragments of pottery have been 

 recovered from a restricted area, besides a few arrowpoints and the 

 two implements shown in plate 9, b and c. The pottery is similar to 



