NO. 7 INDIAN OCCUPANCY IN VIRGINIA — BUSH NELL 21 



that found on the site previously described ; all is weathered and worn 

 away on the surface. 



Undoubtedly many other small camp sites similar to the three just 

 mentioned are to be found along the courses of the several streams 

 which unite to form the Hardware. All were probably temporary 

 camps, occupied during the hunting season, when, as is well known, 

 many families would leave their permanent village, often travel far, 

 and "passe the tyme with hunting and fowling up towards the moun- 

 taines." 



SUTHERLAND SITE 



The road running in a northwesterly direction through North 

 Garden and Crossroads and passing the mountain at Israel Gap is one 

 of the oldest in Albemarle County. There is reason to believe a trail 

 once followed the same general course. On the south side of this 

 road, a mile or more southeast of the gap and about 3 miles in a direct 

 line west of the Oliver site, is another locality very similar to that 

 site. Here a long, narrow tongue of land projects due southeast 

 from the higher ground, a spur from the south side of the gap. Small 

 streams fed by many springs flow on both sides of the ridge and unite 

 just below to form the principal fork of the South Branch of Hard- 

 ware River, which, some miles beyond, bounds the Oliver site on the 

 south. The ground on either side of the spur was formerly very 

 marshy, overgrown, and consequently difficult to pass. The high 

 land, rising thus above its marshy borders on three sides, was evi- 

 dently well suited to the hunting of deer as described by Capt. John 

 Smith, and that it was a favorite hunting ground is indicated by the 

 vast quantities of arrowheads which are known to have been gathered 

 from the surface. Now, after the land has been cultivated for more 

 than a century, many are yet found which resemble those from the 

 Oliver site. A few chipped implements, very rough and crudely 

 made, which may be termed axes, are found in the vicinity, usually 

 on the low ground. Three examples are shown in plate 10. This was 

 undoubtedly a long-frequented hunting ground, as no trace of a per- 

 manent village has been discovered. 



BURRUSS SITE 



This small but very interesting site was discovered near the 

 source of Jumping Branch, a small stream which flows south and 

 soon joins the South Fork of Hardware River. It is near the old 

 road, already mentioned, which extends from North Garden to 



