NO. I LOCOMOTOR MECHANISMS OF BIRDS — HARTMAN 23 



Separation of the lower extremity into thigh and leg was done in 

 the same specimens in which the muscles of the upper extremity were 

 separated. The variation of the proportion of thigh to leg muscles is 

 usually not great (table 4, p. 90). In many birds the thigh muscles are 



"REST" 

 grams 



400 



200 



100 

 80 

 60 



40 



20 

 10 



e 



6 

 4 



1.0 

 0.8 

 0.6 



0.4 



0.2 



0.1 



PELECANIDAE 



CICONII DAE 

 PANDIONIDAE^ 



A 



• CATHARTIOAE 



STRIGIDAE ^CRACIDAE 



accipitridae\ ^--^--tinamidae 



FALCONIDAE^i— _• NUMIDIDAE 



ARAMIOAE--^* «~THRESKIORNITHIDA£ 

 ARDEIOAE--^'^ » N ANHINGIDAE 



COCHLEAR II DAE-S-* PHALACROCCRACIDAE 



TYTONIOa/ * ANATIDAE 



, LARIDAE 



NYCT1BIIDAE-, 



• PHASI ANIDAE 



M0M0T1DAE . RAMPHASTIDAE 



BUCC0N1DAE \- ALCEDINIDAE 



CORVIOAE. * JHELIORNITHIDAE 



COTINGIDAE^ » *^ 

 TROGONIOAE \ -STURNIDAE 



psi ttacidae--l_, . cuculidae 



capr1mulgidae- — . ^— — c h arad r i id ae 



tyrannioae^ " -jacanidae 



frinoillidae^ 1 "^.^^ ^pooici pedioae 

 turdioae . ~mimioae 



capitonioaeX ^JT^-'columbidae 



PI CIDAE • • "— 



PLOCEIDAE, 



PI PRI DA E 



FOR MICARIIDAE 

 BOMB YCILLI DAE 

 •-RALLI DAE 

 SC0L0PACIDAE 



OENDROGOLAPTIDAE. V\0\-s;| , ERIO"£ 



TROGLOOYTIDAE —T\ \\>F IJ R N ARIIDAE 



VIREONIOAE-— -^ \ \ 'O> THRfluP | 0AE 



MOTACILLIDAE^/ / X^SITTIDAE 

 HIRUNDINIDAE' / \ 



TR0CH1LIDAE' / C0EREB1DAE 



PARULIDAE 



SYLVIIDAE-. ►-CERTHIIDAE 



J 1_1 I ' I I ' III I |_ 



6 8 10 20 40 60 100 200 400 6 00 1000 2000 4000 



BODY groms 



Fig. 4. — Selected plottings of "rest" muscle weights against body weights (log scales). 



nearly equal to those in the lower leg; when they are unequal, it is 

 usually the thigh that is larger. Exceptions are Phalacrocorax, some 

 ardeids, and Buteo lineatus, in which the thigh muscles are smaller. 

 Comparison of a domesticated phasianid, G alius, with a wild species, 

 Odontophorus, is interesting. The lower extremity muscles that are 



