8 



SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS 



VOL. I43 



York State, Reticulitermes flavipes and 

 virginicus.) 



Sims, L., 1957, pp. 312, 322-323. (U.S.) 



Skaife, S. H., 1955, pp. 1-134. (Amitermes 

 atlanticus in South Africa, 12 workers 

 first year.) 

 x 957> PP* 373-39°- (Kalotermes durbanen- 

 sis, biology, distribution, damage, experi- 

 mentation, rearing, food, protozoa.) 



Snyder, T. E., 1957c, pp. 38-39. (Colony for- 

 mation by supplementary reproductives 

 of eastern Reticulitermes.) 

 1960a, pp. 284-288. (General biology, world 

 species.) 



Striebel, H., i960, pp. 193-260. (Embryologi- 

 cal development Kalotermes flavicollis, 

 Zootermopsis nevadensis.) 



Stuart, A. M., 1961, p. 419. (Trail laying by 

 various termites in laboratory tests, gland 

 secretion produces trails.) 



Szent-Ivany, J. J. H., 1959, p. 423. (Papua 

 and New Guinea, Coptotermes hyalo- 

 apex.) 



Tu, T., 1954, pp. 17-27. (Ecological supple- 

 ment to the Formosan Capritermes 

 nitobei.) 

 1956, pp. 12-18. (Biology Formosan ter- 

 mites, damage and control in buildings.) 



Villiers, A., i960, pp. 1446-1448. (Uganda, 

 study in discipline.) 



Vishnoi, H. S., 1955, pp. 143-144. (Royal 

 cells of Odontotermes obesus with un- 

 usually large openings, India.) 



Weesner, F. M., 1956, pp. 36-38. (Colony 

 formation by Reticulitermes hesperus, 

 U.S.) 

 i960, pp. 153-170. (World, termites more 

 diverse than supposed. Variations great. 

 Culture methods must be developed for 

 Termitidae.) 



Weidner, H., 1956a, pp. 55-105. (Africa, 

 Angola, biology.) 



Wilkinson, W., 1957, pp. 441-443, 446. 

 (Family unit, soldiers and workers, caste 

 system, migration, food production, 

 adaptability, dwellings, lodgers, defense.) 



Williams, R. M. C, 1959a, pp. 291-304. 

 (Africa, Uganda, Cubitermes ugandensis 

 development incipient colonies, feed on 

 soil, exuviae, dead and living brood, 

 copulate third day after colony founda- 

 tion in laboratory, parthenogenesis rare, 

 males more active in care young. Egg 

 laying began 5th day after foundation. 

 One egg in ii days for 2 to 3 weeks, later, 

 one every 5^ days, 7 workers on average, 

 no soldier. Dorylus (A.) kphli predator.) 



Zim, H. S., and Cottam, C, 1956, pp. 30-31. 

 (U.S.) 



BUILDING CODES 



Clement, M. L., 1959, pp. 1-15. (U.S., south- 

 ern standard building code, of Southern 

 Building Code Congress, termite-proofing 

 provisions, shields, resistant woods.) 

 i960, sections 101-2612. (U.S., sect. 1701.7, 

 foundation sills, where clearance is less 

 than 18 in., heartwood of durable species 



or pressure-treated wood using an ap- 

 proved preservative, sills separated from 

 unit masonry by corrosive resistant metal 

 shield. In appendix 3, Termite control, 

 1, Metal shields, 2, Foundation timbers 

 treated with approved preservative.) 



CASTE DETERMINATION 



Brian, M. V., 1957, pp. 107-120. (Caste de- 

 termination in social insects.) 



Buchli, H., 1958, pp. 263-429. (France, 

 Reticulitermes lucijugus and santonensis, 

 nutrition and ectohormones influence 

 caste determination. Larvae of first 2 

 stages undifferentiated, crowding and 

 nutrition influence differentiation, work- 

 ers differentiate in stage 3, and continue 

 to molt and grow up to stage 9, live at 

 25 C. from 18 months to 5 to 6 years. 

 Workers may be sexualized during stages 

 5 and 6, effected by an insertion of an 

 intermediate stage of "pseudonymph." 

 Soldiers transform from workers at all 



stages but principally at stages 5 and 6. 

 Pseudoworkers may transform beyond 

 stage 5 to neoteinic reproductives or 

 soldiers. Swarming not indispensable for 

 copulation and egg laying.) 



Jucci, C, 1956, pp. 283-284. (Italy, endocrine 

 gland important in differentiation of 

 castes.) 



Kaiser, P., 1955, pp. 303-304. (The organs of 

 internal secretion in determination of 

 caste.) 

 1956, pp. 651-653. (Hormone organs con- 

 tribute to caste development.) 

 1956a, pp. 129-178. (The hormone organs 

 in connection with the origin of castes.) 



