no. 3 



BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TERMITES I955-60: SUBJECTS — SNYDER 



27 



FLIGHT 



Clagg, C. F., 1958, pp. 338-339. (Coptotermes 

 jormosanus flights Apr. 23, June 1957, 

 Guam, Midway. 



Clement, G., 1956, pp. 98-103. (Anacantho- 

 termes ochraceus, Centres de Recherches, 

 Beni-Abbes, Algeria, behavior workers, 

 flights Jan. 31, May 10, humidity, tem- 

 perature. 



Coaton, W. G. H., 1958, pp. 1-112. (South 

 Africa, Hodotermes mossambicus after 

 rains Dec. to Feb., Microhodoterm.es 

 viator, Aug. to Dec.) 



Glick, P. A., i960, p. 5. (U.S., Louisiana, 

 Mississippi, Arkansas, at 200 ft. elevation 

 Reticulitermes virginicus collected by 

 airplane.) 



Roonwal, M. L., 1958a, pp. 77-100. (India, 

 ~Neoterm.es bosei flights from end Feb. to 

 beginning July.) 



Skaife, S. H., 1955, pp. 1-134. (South Africa, 

 Amitermes atlanticus, after rains at the 

 Cape, late Apr. or early May, 11 a.m. or 

 3 to 4 p.m., not all leave in first flight, 

 50 to 60 yd., small percentage survive 

 predators.) 



Spencer, G. J., 1957, p. 13. (British Columbia, 

 Zootermopsis angusticollis Aug. 1, 1956, 

 150 to 200 ft., normally 300 to 500 ft. 

 above ground, eaten by Bonaparte's 

 gulls.) 



Tang, C, and Li Shen, 1959, pp. 477-482. 

 China, Hangchow, forecasting swarming 

 Reticulitermes flaviceps; swarming usu- 

 ally mid-Mar. after spring rain, tempera- 

 ture and atmospheric pressure factors; 

 sunny warm days, noon to 2 p.m. One 

 swarm lasts 10 min. from small colony; 

 in large, several swarms over successive 

 favorable days.) 



U.S. Dept. Agric., Plant Pest Control Div., 

 1959, p. 813. {Reticulitermes flavipes un- 

 seasonal swarm Providence, Rhode 

 Island.) 



Vishnoi, H. S., 1957, pp. 792-793. (India, 

 Delhi, 7 species.) 



Williams, R. M. C, 1959, pp. 203-218. 

 (Africa, East Uganda, flight periods 

 Cubitermes ugandensis and C. testaceus, 

 wing shedding, calling attitude, tropisms, 

 colony formation.) 



FOLKLORE 



Alphonse, E. S., 1957, p. 280. (Guaymi 

 Indians, western Panama, victim bad 

 dream put inside fence, heavy smoke 

 caused by burning wood, termite nests, 

 etc., to fumigate evil spirit.) 



Gunther, J., 1953, pp. 291, 429, 680. (Africa, 

 Bantu, dead buried in ant hills — the im- 

 portant individuals (p. 291); "One fea- 

 ture of the landscape, here (Jinja) as 

 elsewhere in Uganda, is the procession of 

 giant ant hills, which line the roads. 

 They are jagged and craggy and often 



reach a height of 12 to 15 ft., towering 

 like ugly sentinels; they are bright ocher 

 red, and resemble mountain peaks in 

 miniature. Oddly enough the termites or 

 ants living in these fantastic structures 

 contribute some form of chemical change 

 to the earth, with the result that they 

 make good as well as readily available 

 material for road repair — earth harder 

 and stickier than normal." (P. 429.) In 

 Congo, on death a Bakutu is put into a 

 termite hill, a simple procedure and quite 

 sanitary. (P. 680.)) 



FOOD, TERMITES AS 



Roonwal, M. L., 1958a, pp. 77-1000. (India, 

 food of some tribes in Assam.) 



FOSSIL 



Buchsbaum, R., 1938, p. 332, fig. (Winged 

 termite in amber.) 



Emerson, A. E., 1958, in Weyer (Ed.), 1958, 

 pp. 2798-2807. (In Age of Reptiles, 

 evolved from roachlike ancestors. Zoo- 

 termopsis and Reticulitermes confined to 

 temperate regions, and fossils from 

 Oligocene (Europe) and Miocene 



(Colorado) indicate these genera have 



been in temperate climates for at least 



40 million years.) 

 Fenton, C. L., and Fenton, M. A., 1958, p. 



247. (Winged termite in amber.) 

 Haupt, H., 1956, pp. 22-30. (Eocene, Termi- 



tina, 3 n. spp. in 3 n. gen., Idomasto- 



