NO. 7 THE GOLD-BANDED SKIPPER CLARK 3I 



FIFTH-STAGE CATERPILLAR 

 Plate 6, figs. 35. 3() ; plate 8, figs. 44-48, 51, s^; text fig. H, p. 29 



The head capsule is from 4.3 to 4.8 mm wide at the widest part, 

 slightly below the middle, and 4.8 mm high from the tip of the mandi- 

 ble to the summit of the lobe on the same side. 



The total length of freshly molted caterpillars just entering this 

 stage is about 23 mm. They will pupate when 24 to 25 mm long and 

 5 mm broad. Fully fed caterpillars are 32 to 35 mm long and unusually 

 slender for caterpillars of this group, being only 5 to 6 mm broad. The 

 largest one found was, when resting, 30 mm long and 6.7 mm broad. 



The head at the summit of the lobes is minutely roughened with fine, 

 more or less irregular vermiculations. Among these are numerous 

 well-separated, abruptly elevated mesa-like elevations with the flattish 

 top sloping upward and forward, or on the upper part of the front of 

 the head outward and downward. From the edge of the top of these 

 mesa-like elevations 6 to 8 or more fine but prominent ridges run 

 downward and, turning outward, join the general fine vermiculation 

 of the surface. These abrupt elevations, finally becoming irregular 

 rugose tubercles, run down the sides of the head to the mouth parts. 

 The front of the head below the upper portions of the lobes is closely 

 vermiculated with very fine ridges which at first are here and there 

 gathered into knots, but lower down become evenly disposed over a 

 minutely rugose surface. Above the large yellow spots in the vicinity 

 of the frontal triangle and also over the spots themselves the ridges 

 become parallel and well spaced and run downward and inward toward 

 the frontal triangle, making with it an angle of about 60°. Just above 

 the apex of the frontal triangle and on each side of the median groove 

 there is an irregular shield-shaped area with a small circular elevation 

 in the center. There are two more similar circular elevations lower 

 down, one on either side of the frontal triangle. On the frontal triangle 

 there is a fine but prominent median ridge which in its upper quarter 

 is somewhat sinuous with side branches running ofif from it, but in its 

 lower three-quarters is straight and regular with a broad bare space 

 on either side. Two or three of the lines over the yellow spot run 

 into the frontal triangle, here bending downward and running parallel 

 with the median carination to the lower edge. The head is thickl}- 

 l)eset with slender hairs curving downw^ard. These become erect on 

 the frontal triangle, and over the yellow spots project downward and 

 inward toward the mouth parts. The ocelli are arranged in a curved 

 line of four along the outer concave edge of the yellow spot, with a 

 fifth opposite the middle of the row forming with the first and third 



