64 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 95 



cases the paired penes, in insects usually the median penis, or phallus, 

 hut in many other arthropods modified appendages that assume the 

 intromittent function, as in Araneida, Malacostraca, and Diplopoda. 



Parameres {Pnir). — Lateral processes or lobes of the phallobase, 

 probably secondary outgrowths having no relation to the gonopods. 



Penis {Pen). — A general term applied to any integumental out- 

 growth containing the orifice of a male genital duct, whether intromit- 

 tent in function or not, including the paired penes of many arthropods, 

 or a median penis (phallus) ; but the term is often used also in a 

 restricted functional sense for the part of the phallus or any other 

 intromittent organ inserted into the female genital receptacle during 

 mating. The primitive paired penes of most arthropods are on the 

 bases of a particular pair of segmental appendages, or on the sternum 

 mesad of the appendages. A median penis may be either a penis con- 

 jnnctus or a penis couiniuuis according as it is formed by the union of 

 a pair of penes, or by a secondary median outgrowth of the integument. 



Periphallic organs. — Peripheral genital processes of the ninth seg- 

 ment or of other segments in the male genital complex of insects, 

 including the movable claspers, or harpagones. 



Phallic organs. — The median genital structures of male insects im- 

 mediately concerned with the function of coition, or the introduction 

 of the spermatozoa or spermatophores into the receptacular organ of 

 the female ; the phallic organs are highly variable, and are formed 

 ontogenetically in various ways, but always independently of the 

 periphallic organs. 



Phallobase (Phb). — A dilTerentiated basal part of the phallus, 

 variable and often not distinct from the aedeagus. (Teg men in 

 Coleoptera. ) 



Phallocrypt (Crpt). — A pocket of the phallobase or of the genital 

 chamber wall containing the base of the aedeagus or of the ectophallus. 



Phallomeres (Phin). — Phallic organs having the form of lobes pro- 

 duced from the genital chamber wall in the neighborhood of the gono- 

 pore; particularly developed in Blattidae and Mantidae, probably 

 united in the median phallic organ of other Orthoptera, and perhaps 

 represented by lobes that form the phallus in the ontogeny of some 

 higher insects. 



Phallotheca {The). — A fold sometimes extended from the phallo- 

 base around the base of the aedeagus, or produced as a tubular sheath 

 enclosing the latter, in exceptional cases replacing the aedeagus. 



PhaUotreme {Phtr). — The distal opening of the endophallus at 

 the extremity of the ectophallus, the functional exit aperture of the 

 genital tract when the true gonopore is contained in an endophallic 

 chamber. 



