4 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 95 



May Our Lord keep the Catholic Royal Person of Your Majesty to the 

 greatest blessing and comfort of your vassals. 



Your Majesty's humble servant and chaplain, 



Gabriel, Bishop of Cuba. 

 Havana, 

 November 20, 1675. 



The " Chiscas and Chichimecos " were probably two or more dif- 

 ferent bands of Yuchi. A matter of the very greatest interest to eth- 

 nologists and historians ahke is the whereabouts of the maps men- 

 tioned in the text. As there were two co])ies, one of them at least 

 should have survived. 



Dr. Wenhold has supplied textual notes in connection with her 

 translation of the Calderon narrative presented here, but 1 wish to add 

 to these some references to important ethnological facts that it contains. 



We have so little material regarding the old Florida tribes that any 

 addition, however small, is most welcome, but in the present instance 

 light is cast upon a number of specific problems of considerable 

 importance. 



It is interesting to know that the languages of " (iuale. Tinincjua and 

 Apalache " were the three principal ones of the province but that is 

 not unexpected. Much more important are the locations here given 

 of the various missions, which will enable us to place the tribes approxi- 

 mately in their former seats. We also have the fact established that the 

 Guacara Indians were originally on the Suwanee River. Another 

 document, kindly referred to me by Dr. Wenhold and dating from 

 early in the eighteenth century, shows that the present Wakulla River, 

 which flows by St. Marks, was then known as the Guacara. This means 

 that part, at least, of the Guacara Indians moved into the Apalachee 

 country after 1675, or, possibly, at a still earlier date and that WakuUa 

 is a corruption of Guacara since there was no r sound in the languages 

 of the Apalachee, the Creeks, or any of their relatives. 



In connection with the Bishop's treatment of the Apalachee province, 

 we have supplied to us the exact dates of foundation of two of the 

 missions and proof that some Apalachee towns consisted of recent 

 invaders. The connection is established between the " Tama " Indians 

 and the Yamasee. We have definite information that the Chines. 

 Pacaras, and Amacanos were formerly independent units, and the 

 separate enumeration of the last seems to show that the Yamacraw 

 of Georgia history were distinct from the Yamasee. 



Thanks to Bishop Calderon's connection with the Sawokli missions 

 much is added to our knowledge of them, and we have the earliest 

 known lists of the Lower and lipjier Creek towns, ^^'c learn that in 



