212 Prof. T. R. Jones and Dr. H. B. Holl on 



The great inequality of the valves in these specimens is 

 exceptional among Bivalved Entomostraca, especially among 

 the Cythera 3 , with which and their congeners, in other respects, 

 this species has its alliances. Leperditia gibbera, belonging 

 to another group, has a protuberance in the postero-dorsal 

 region of the left valve ; but it projects laterally, not vertically; 

 and Leperditia arctica has a slight swelling all along the 

 dorsal region of its left valve. It is possible that, both in these 

 cases and with the species under notice, the dorsal swelling 

 characterizes female individuals. 



As pointed out to us by our friend Mr. G. S. Brady, this 

 species has much similarity, in some features of its carapace, 

 to Xestoleberis depressa, Sars, an existing member of the 

 Cytheridce, which is found in the British seas down to about 

 60 fathoms (see G. S. Brady's " Monograph of Recent British 

 Ostracoda," in the ' Linnean Soc. Transact.' vol. xxvi. p. 438, 

 pi. 27. figs. 27-33). We prefer, however, to retain the generic 

 term " Cy there," even if it be in a more extended sense than 

 ought to be applied to living groups, for the sake of convenience 

 to geologists. 



We have specimens of Cythere corbuloides from the Wenlock 

 Limestone of Croft's Quarry, near Malvern ; from the Wen- 

 lock Shale of the railway-tunnel, near the Wych, Malvern, 

 where it is not uncommon ; and from the calcareous bands of 

 the Woolhope beds, at the same place. 



A young (or small male) individual (figs. 5 a, 5 b), from 

 the Woolhope beds, is smaller and less convex than the 

 others, but has all the essential characters seen in them, 

 including even a predominating dorsal convexity of the left 

 valve, though to a slight extent. Its lateral profile is much 

 more nearly oblong, and its end view is nearly circular ; but 

 its ventral aspect is still acute-ovate, like that of the others. 



2. Cythere Grindrodiana, sp. nov. Woodcut, fig. 1. 



Carapace small, subcylindrical, long-ovate in outline, rounded 

 at the ends, but tapering more ^^a^ 



at one end than the other ; dorsal ^$s===^ J 



and ventral borders nearly, if Fig. 1. Cyfkere Grindrodiana. 

 not quite, equal in their con- Left valve. (Magnified about 

 vexity. End view circular. 20 diameters.) 



"Mis approaches the living Cytheridea elongata, Brady, and 

 other living and fossil forms in shape ; but there is no evidence 

 of specific identity. Dr. Grindrod, F.G.S., of Malvern, after 

 whom it is named, has found three or four specimens of this 

 species in the Woolhope Shales of West Malvern, as casts, 

 sometimes with a thin film of the carapace remaining. 



