NO. 3 CASSIDULOID ECHINOIDS — KIER 219 



Genus PSEUDOPYGAULUS Coquand 



Pseudopygaulus Coquand, 1862. Mem. Soc. Emulation de la Provence de 

 Constantine, vol. 2, Marseille, pi. 31 (explanation). Type species by monotypy, 

 Catopygiis trigeri Coquand. 



Synonyms : Eolampas Duncan and Sladen ; Ottiliastcr Penecke ; Petalastcr 

 Cotteau. 



GENERIC DESCRIPTION 



Small, elongate, inflated ; apical system anterior, monobasal ; am- 

 bulacrum III not petaloid, other ambulacra petaloid with broad petals, 

 usually closed, pores conjugate, ambulacral plates beyond petals 

 single pored; periproct inframarginal, transverse, oval or triangular; 

 peristome slightly anterior, transverse, oval; bourrelets present but 

 not inflated; phyllodes single pored with slight crowding of pores, 

 buccal pores present. 



Comparison with other genera. — Pseudopygaulus is similar to 

 Termieria in having broad petals, an oval peristome, a transverse and 

 inframarginal periproct, similar tuberculation, and phyllodes with 

 few pores. It differs in having no petal in ambulacrum III. 



Remarks. — There has been considerable controversy over the 

 validity of this genus. Coquand did not name the genus in his 

 text, but called the type species Catopygus trigeri. However, in the 

 plate explanation he called it Pseudopygaulus trigeri. Duncan (1891, 

 p. 200), Lambert (1911b, pp. 181-183), and Lambert and Thiery 

 (1921, p. 360) considered Coquand's Pseudopygaulus a nomen nudum 

 and used Duncan and Sladen's Eolampas in its place. Cotteau (1887, 

 pp. 467-469, 1890, pp. 48, 49), Gauthier (1885, pp. 69-71), Pomel 

 (1887, p. 118) and Fourtau (1909, p. 135) preferred Pseudo- 

 pygaulus. ]\Iortensen (1948, p. 328) was uncertain whether or not 

 Coquand's genus was a nomen nudum and stated that "the name 

 Eolampas has gradually gained ground, and as no special interest 

 attaches to any of them, and as Eolampas is the more easy of the 

 two I think it preferable." However, Coquand's Pseudopygaulus 

 is not a nomen nudum, for the name was published and accompanied 

 with an indication, illustrations in this case. 



Lambert and Thiery (1921, pp. 359, 360) refer Pseudopygaulus 

 to Gauthier (1885, p. 69) and state that it was founded on entirely 

 different characters than Coquand's Pseudopygaulus. They are mis- 

 taken, as Peron and Gauthier's text figures of their specimens of 

 P. trigeri show a specimen very similar to Coquand's. 



Range and distribution. — Paleocene-Eocene of France, Austria, 

 Madagascar, North Africa, and India. There are 9 or possibly 10 



