40 



SCIENTIFIC AGRICULTURE. 



January, 1921. 



TABLE 3.— BLOSSOMING AS RELATED TO FRUIT BUD FORMATION. 

 Duchess Tree, Twenty-five Years of Age. 



Dates of Blossom Cluster Branch 



Removal. No. 



15-5-20 la 



18-5-20 11a 



19-5-20 12a 



20-5-20 12b 



21-5-20 lb 



22-5-20 (First Blossom.s Opened) 2 



23-5-20 3 



24-5-20 1p 



25-5-20 (Full Bloom) Id 



26-5-20 lib 



27-5-20 10a 



28-5-20 (First Petals Falling).. 10b 



29-5-20 (Fruit well set) 5a 



Critical period Total 



31-5-20 '■ •• ^ 



2-6-20 ''a 



5-6-20 ■'b 



8-6-20 'la 



21-6-20 6 



Check 4b 



Check 5b 



Check 8 



Total 



2,247 



170 



429 



100 



320 



1,558 



109 



MARKETING. 



W. A. BROWN, M.S., B.S.A., Chief, Poultry Division, 

 Live Stock Branch, Ottawa. 



(Extract from address delivered td Eastern Ontario 

 Branch of C. S. T. A., Ottawa, December 11,1920). 



The lack of business methods in the marketing of 

 farm products has been one of the greatest drawbacks 

 to the progress of Canadian agriculture. Much of the 

 compensation due producers has been lost through 

 inefficiency in marketing. Farmers, as a class, gained 

 a reputation for petty dickering but until recently 

 have failed in the larger issues of business practice. 

 There have been two kinds of losses: — 

 (a) Monetary.— In the sale of liLs products the 

 farmer Iihs been legitimate prey for all and sundry. 

 Rarely has he lieen able to sell anything to advantage. 

 Except where he has direct access to large consuming 

 markets he has been obliged to take what was offered 

 by the first buyer or handler in an almost endless chain 

 of dealers between him and the consumer. Through 

 lack of direct sale, through failure to take advantage 

 of the best markets, through lack of direct connection 

 with large export centres, tlirough the keen competition 

 of his fellows engaged in |)roducing the same lines and 

 without proper facilities for the collection and market- 

 ing of the products in carlots and larger quantities, 



millions, yes, billions of dollars have been lost to the 

 produi-er. 



(1)) Morale. — Through lack of knowledge of the 

 markets and inaMlity to market to advantage, and 

 seeing others i)rofit by their lack of knowledge, many 

 producers in the past have become indifferent and dis- 

 satisfied. Their homes, their farms, have reflected their 

 state of mind. It is not surprising that the young peo- 

 ]>le on the farm, .surrounded by this atmosphere and 

 environment, have left the farm and sought employ- 

 ment and scope for their talents elsewhere. 



What is the remedy? From actual experience it 

 would appear that the farmers of Denmark, the fruit 

 growers of California and the grain growers of the 

 Canadian west have found the remedy; viz., the intro- 

 duction of co-operative marketing in its broadest sense 

 and tlie application of business principles in the hand- 

 ling and sale of the product. There is no bigger busi- 

 ness than the business of agriculture; no liusiness 

 responds more effectively to the application of business 

 principles and business common sense. Viewed from 

 a wide angle, the business of agriculture offers to the 

 young man and woman on the farm every inducement 

 that the large departmental store, the factory or the 

 counting house can offer. What is needed in Canadian 

 agriculture is a larger interpretation by the individual 

 of Canadian ideals, Canadian opportunities, and a 

 keener realization of the place of agi'iculture in the 

 business of the nation. 



