REFERENCES 



97 



19. Craik, K. J. W. Instrument lighting for night 



use. GB Air Ministry, FPRC 342, July 

 1941, pp. 7; also Psychol. Lab., Cambridge, 

 July 29, 1941, pp. 9. 



20. CRorcH, C. L. The relation between illuroi- 



nation and vision. Ilium. Engng. N. Y., 



1945, 40, 747-784. 



21. DuNLAP, K. Report of the Highioay Research 



Board. National Research Council, Divi- 

 sion Office, 1932, App. E., p. 3, article 4. 

 (Not seen.) 



22. Ferreb, C. E., & Rand, G. Intensity of light 



and speed of vision. II. Comparative ef- 

 fects for dark objects on light backgrounds 

 and light objects on dark backgrounds. 

 /. exTp. Psychol, 1930, 13, 388-422. 



23. Ferree, C. E., & Rand, G. Size of object, 



visibility and vision. Trans. Ilium. Engng. 

 Soc. N. Y., 1931, 26, 820-856. 



24. Ferree, C. E., & Rand, G. Visibility of ob- 



jects as affected by color and composition 

 of light. Part I: With lights of equal 

 luminosity or brightness. Person. J., 1931, 

 9, 475-492. 



25. Ferree, C. E., & Rand, G. Visibilitj- of ob- 



jects as affected by color and composition 

 of light. Part II: With lights equalized in 

 both brightness and saturation. Person. 

 J., 1931, 10, 108-124. 



26. Fishenden, R. B. Types, paper and printing 



in relation to eyestrain. Brit. J. Opthal., 



1946, 30, 20-26. 



27. FiTTS, P. M., & Jones, R. E. Psychological 



aspects of instrument display. I: Analysis 

 of 270 ^'pilot-error'^ experiences in reading 

 and interpreting aircraft instruments. US 

 AAF AMC, Engng. Div., Aero Med. Lab., 

 TSEAA-694-12A, October 1, 1947, pp. 47. 



28. Fry, G. A., & P. W. Cobb. Visual discrimina- 



tion of two parallel bright bars in a dark 

 field. Amer. J. Psychol., 1937, 49, 76-81. 



29. Grether, W. F. Design of clock dials for 



greatest speed and accuracy of reading in 

 military (2400) time system. US AAF AMC, 

 Engng. Div., Aero Med. Lab., TSEAA-694- 

 8, October 21, 1946, pp. 16. 



30. Grether, W. F. Discussion of pictorial 



versus symbolic aircraft instrument displays. 

 US AAF AMC, Engng. Div., Aero Med. 

 Lab., TSEAA-694-8B, August 4, 1947, pp. 19. 



31. Grether, W. F. The effect of variations in 



indicator design upon speed and accuracy of 

 altitude readings. US AAF AMC, Engng, 

 Div., Aero Med. Lab., September 2, 1947, 

 pp. 19, 



32. Grether, W, F. Analysis of types of errors 



in reading of the conventional three-pointer 



altimeter. US AAF AMC, Engng. Div., 

 Aero Med. Lab., March 16, 1948, pp. 23. 



33. Grether, W. F. Design of instrument dials 



for ease of reading. SAE Preprint April 

 1948, pp. 11. 



34. Grether, W. F. A novel approach to instru- 



mentation. Plane Facts, April 1948 (5-4); 

 pp. 7-9, 28-29. 



35. Grether, W. F,, & Connell, S. C. Psycho- 



logical factors in check reading single instru- 

 ments. US AF AMC, Engng. Div., Aero 

 Med. Lab.. MCREXD-694-17A, Septem- 

 ber 20, 1948, pp. 21. 



36. Grether, W. F., & Williams, A. C. Speed 



and accuracy of dial reading as a function 

 of dial diameter and spacing of scale divi- 

 sions. US AAF AMC, Engng. Div., Aero 

 Med. Lab., TSEAA-694-1E, March 31, 1947, 

 pp. 22. 



37. Hartline, H. K. Instrument lighting in air- 



craft and military vehicles: Its effect on night 

 vision of personnel. US NRC, CAM Re- 

 port No, 83, November 1942, pp, 9. 



38. Hermans, T. G., & Loucks, R. B. Annotated 



bibliography on the psychological aspects 

 of orientation as they relate to aviation. 

 US AAF AMC, Engng. Div., TSEAA-694- 

 16A, December 1, 1947, pp. 256. 



39. Holmes, G. The relative legibility of black 



print and white print. /. appl. Psychol., 

 1931, 15, 248-251. 



40. Kappauf, W. E., Smith, W. M., & Brat, C. W, 



Design of instrument dials for maximum 

 legibility: I. Development of methodology and 

 some preliminary results. US AAF AMC, 

 Engng. Div., Aero Med. Lab., TSEAA- 

 694-lL, October 20, 1947, pp. 42. 



41. Kappauf, W. E., & Smith, W. M. Design of 



instrument dials for maximum legibility: 



II. A preliminary experiment on dial size 

 and graduation. US AAF AMC, Engng, 

 Div., Aero Med. Lab., MCREXD-694-1-N, 

 July 12, 1948, pp. 16. 



42. Kappauf, W, E., & Smith, W. M. Design of 



instrument dials for maximum legibility: 



III. An evaluation of reading difficulty for 

 different parts of a dial. US AAF AJVIC 

 Engng. Div,, Aero Med, Lab., 1949, in 

 preparation. 



43. Kaufman, E. L., Reese, T. W., Volkmann, 



J., & Rogers, S. Accuracy, variability 

 and speed of adjusting an indicator to a 

 required bearing. Systems Research, Johns 

 Hopkins Univ., September 2, 1947, pp, 37. 



44. Kendall, M. G., & Babington Smith, B. 



Second paper on random sampling num- 

 bers, /, Roy. Stat. Soc. Suppl., 1939, 6, 

 51-61, 



