Hydrography of the Stream 



55 



the airplane. The continuous curves indicate parts of the 'edge' where 

 there was a visible indication of an edge : a sharp change in color, a change 

 in number of whitecaps, and so forth (see frontispiece). The irregularities 

 of the 'edge' in this survey are on a scale different from that of fig. 29.^ 



54 56 58 60 



4853 55 57 59 



61 62 63 64 65 



■ DYNAMIC CALCULATIONS 

 • GEK 

 o LORAN 



20 



40 



60 80 



NAUT MILES 



Fig. 32. Closely spaced measurements, by Worthington (19546, fig. 7), of 

 surface current across the Gulf Stream. Surface velocities as computed in three 

 ways are indicated: by geostrophic equation — solid black squares; by towed 

 electrode, with correction applied — solid black circles; by successive Loran 

 fixes — open circles. 



VELOCITY DETERMINATIONS ACROSS THE STREAM 



Worthington (19546) made three very closely spaced hydrographic 

 traverses across the Stream in October and November, 1950. These are the 

 best ever made, and for this reason it is worth considering one of them in 

 some detail. Fig. 32 shows the surface currents across the Stream as deter- 

 mined by the geostrophic equation, by towed electrodes \\'ith a correction 

 factor applied, and by set of the ship as determined by successive Loran 



1 A more recent and detailed survey of the variability of the edge of the Gulf 

 Stream is given by W. S. von Arx, D. F. Bumpus, and W. S. Richardson, in Deep-Sea 

 Research, 3 (1955) : 46-65, under the title 'On the Fine Structure of the Gulf Stream 

 Front'. 



