44 GKOLOGY OF THE ISLK OF WIGHT. 



wherever elsewliere visible, namely, east of Wackland, and on 

 Skinner's Hill, they are nearly horizontal, but the Sand-rock 

 Series, on the other hand, near Heasley Lodge dips north at 20'^. 

 The anticlinal nxis therefore ninst run nearly along (or a little 

 north of) the River Yar at Newchurcli. 



At Knighton a little irregularity occurs in the trend of the 

 great ccwtral axis of the Island, in consequence of which the Lower 

 Greensand dips at a more gentle angle, and the characteristic 

 features of its subdivisions are better shown. The Sand-rock 

 Series is seen in a deep lane and pit, 400 yards east of Knighton 

 Mill, and in many spots around Kern, as a brown, red and 

 white sand, while above it the Carstone makes a fairly pro- 

 nounced feature. Good exposures of the Ferruginous Sands occur 

 about Alverstone Farm and on the road to Brading. At the 

 former place, grey and green sand ])asses under red and brown 

 sand, with many grains of iron oxide. The dip is westerly at 

 5o_10°, but sweeps round to north at 21° at Adgestone. Here 

 then we fix another point on the line of the Marvel Anticline, 

 and join it on to the fold which brings up the Wealden Beds of 

 Sandown Bay. 



The dip of all the strata increases, and their outcrops become 

 proportionately narrow near Yarbridge. A pit in the lowest of 

 tiie Ferruginous Sands, near Morton Farm, shows brown sand- 

 stone dipping north-north-east at 35°, while the Sand-rock Series 

 appears in a pit and road-cutting 400 yards west of Morton 

 as a white sand with traces of blue clay. 



(2.) Around the Southern Downs. 



In describing the Atherfield section we spoke of a bold escarp- 

 ment or terrace formed by the ferruginous beds of Blackgang Chine 

 ("Group XIV. of Fitton), which runs through Pyle, Corve, and 

 Kingston. There are many sections in the roads descending the 

 hill at these places. On the top and extending nearly to the 

 brow of the terrace, soft, brown, buff, and white sand appears 

 similar to the sand at Grid more (p. 42), and approaching the type 

 of the Sand-rock Series. Lower in the hill-side, greyish-green 

 sand follows, weathering brown, and of considerable thickness. 

 On descending to the foot of the escarpment, we find a line of 

 springs and a belt of peaty ground marking the outcrop of a soft 

 and clayey bed, doubtless the '' foliated sand and clay " of Walpen 

 Chine (Group XII. of Fitton). The escarpment spoken of runs 

 throuo-h Kingston, and, sweeping thence to the south-west round 

 Gun Hill, points for Haslett and Wolverton, but becomes obscure 

 in that neighbourhood. 



A second terrace is formed locally by a thick bed of red and 

 brown sand with numerous grains of iron-oxide. This feature 

 includes the bold brow knowni as Warren Hill, three quarters of a 

 mile west of Corve, and stretches thence by Dungewood towards 

 Small Moor. There, like the other terrace, it also becomes 

 obscure, so that whether it is a continuation of the bed which we 

 traced by Brook Church mnst be lelt in doubt. 



