CHAPTER VI 

 LAND SURVEYS 



Some knowledge of past and present methods of land 

 survey is indispensable to the agriculturist, who must many 

 times come in contact with questions of land boundary and 

 description. Land boundaries are necessary to designate 

 the limits of governmental jurisdiction and individual 

 ownership. In the description of such tracts of land it is 

 essential that the boundaries be described in such manner 

 that the size and area may be mentally pictured and the 

 corners so marked that the lines can be located on the 

 ground. The work of marking these boundaries and record- 

 ing the descriptive data is land surveying. 



The following abbreviations and definitions have become 

 standardized by use in the United States Land Office and 

 are used in land literature: 



N North Long Longitude 



S South Chs Chains 



E East Lks Links 



W West Sec Section 



T Township Cor Corner 



R Range W.C Witness corner 



P.M Principal meridian W.P Witness point 



Frac'l Fractional S.C Standard corner 



Temp Temporary % Sec. Cor. . . .Quarter-section 



Bdy Boundary corner 



Decl Declination M.C Meander corner 



Lat Latitude C.C Closing corner 



Random line: A trial line run to determine the position of the 



true line 

 True line: The correct line run between two corners 

 Township exteriors: The lines bounding a township 



Subdividing: Dividing a township into sections 



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