WATER SUPPLY 



3 6 3 



\,»rs=m^mfB*te 



1 

 V 



i 



it 

 |1 



I 



I 

 1 



'I 



1 



I 





i 



! 





| 

 I 



i 1 





the well. It should, if possible, be lined on the inside 

 down to the water strata with a water-tight wall. This can 

 be made of large sewer pipe, with cemented joints, or hard 

 brick laid in cement mortar. About 4 feet below the general 

 surface a ring of concrete 6 inches thick should be placed 

 entirely around the wall, and extended back at least a foot into 

 the solid earth which has 

 not been disturbed by the 

 digging of the well. This 

 will prevent surface water 

 from following down the _ 

 outside of the wall to the 

 water strata. Water read- 

 ily follows along the 

 straight line of a hard sur- 

 face, or past a rounded ob- 

 struction, but square cor- 

 ners are very effective in 

 stopping such a flow. The 

 top of the wall should ex- 

 tend above the general 

 surface, and enough filling 

 should be added to form 

 a gentle slope away from 

 the top. 



Care should be used in 

 the construction of the top 

 of the well. The best is a 



. After University of Minnesota 



brick arch Or a reinforced FiG.284. Ordinary method of construct- 

 mncrpte mvpr with twn *ng shallow wells. Water flowing over the 

 Concrete COVer, Wltn tWO surface or filtering down through the ground 



Openings, One Sufficient to can f°tt° w along the wall and enter the well 



at any -point above the water line; also 

 accommodate the pump waste water from the pump will go through 



and the other, not less the '** anfi down into the welL 



than 20 inches in diameter, to admit a man in case cleaning 

 or repairs are necessary in the well after the top is com- 

 pleted and the pump put in place. Some method should be 



I 



i 



ii 



St 



tW/^#*;<^s£j&&Nr 





^ 



