374 



ENGINEERING ON THE FARM 



All water pipes should be galvanized. Where pipes are 

 exposed at fixtures they are usually nickel-plated and sup- 

 plied by the manufacturers. Underground pipes to the 



For Iron pipe 



Fig. 291. 



( Fu//er rubber bo// 



a b 



After University of Minnesota 



Construction and operation of valves used at sinks. These are 



brass or nickel- plated, 

 a — Cross section of fuller bibb (plain pattern for lead pipe) 

 b — Compression bibb (plain pattern for lead pipe) 



house and barns should be an inch in diameter; to the 

 attic tank, three-quarters of an inch; to sill cocks, three- 

 quarters of an inch; to hot- water tank, three-quarters of 

 an inch; all others, one-half an inch. Vent pipes are of 

 wrought iron. Soil pipes should be of cast iron. It is not 

 now necessary to use lead pipes at any point. Cast-iron 

 traps with pipe threads are to be had in all styles and will 

 make a better job than ever was secured by the use of lead 

 pipe and wiped joints. 



Fittings for this work are called "drainage fittings" and 

 are so made that the surface is smooth when the fittings are 

 screwed tight. The soil pipe leading to the roof and to the 

 closet should be of cast iron, 3 or 4 inches, extra heavy. 

 Fittings are to be had to make connection between the 

 screwed-joint waste pipe from the bath, lavatory, and sink 

 and the cast iron of the soil pipe. The cast-iron soil pipe 

 should extend beyond the foundation wall; thence to the 

 conduit it may be of sewer pipe. The soil pipe to the roof 

 affords ventilation to the system and prevents the breaking 



