150 American Fisheries Society. 



pass from one pool to another are 2 feet wide and one foot deep. 

 In the Sunnyside fishways the pools will be somewhat smaller in 

 the old one, due to the fact that it was thought best not to alter 

 the upper half too much as it is in this case, as well as in that 

 of the Wapato, to be incorporated into the new system. 



Another arrangement of the pool and fall system which has 

 been found to work well in certain places is that which has its 

 entrance in the face of the dam at one side. This type is in use 

 in the dam and locks of the canal connecting Lake Union with 

 Puget Sound. Here the high bank on one side and the wall of 

 the lock on the other side confine the fish in a channel about 

 150 feet in width, and as the water is deep along the bank the 

 salmon are easily led to the mouth and thence induced by the 

 flow of water from the fishway to jump into the first box, and 

 thence up until they swim away into Lake Union, some distance 

 beyond the top of the dam. In many instances this will be found 

 a more feasible and practicable system than one located wholly 

 below the dam, and it is our intention to use it whenever possible. 



At this point it might be well to emphasize a fact soon dis- 

 covered that only up to a certain point can the fishway be stand- 

 ardized. There are no two dams constructed exactly alike, and 

 it is but rarely, if ever, that the effects produced by a dam 

 upon the river itself are uniform. As a result each project must 

 be considered as an entirely separate and distinct problem, which 

 must be attacked all over again, and such modifications in the 

 regular type of fishway made as investigation develops are 

 needed, and the solving of this problem is preeminently the work 

 of the biologist. 



The fishway in the Prosser dam was about as worthless for 

 migration purposes as the one in the Sunnyside dam, and last 

 year a considerable section was torn out and the fish now have 

 no trouble in passing through the sluiceway so made. In the 

 Kennewick dam a sluiceway about 50 feet in width in the center 

 of the dam has been provided. In order to prevent too rapid 

 flow of water through this for the fish to breast, three baffle 

 boards, two on one side and one about midway of the others 

 and on the opposite side have been provided. 



In the endeavor to evolve the best type of fishways for the 

 dams on the Yakima a number of plans were prepared, and the 

 best of these, in the writer's opinion, had to be abandoned be- 



