X mTRODUCTION. 



of seven species. In the following pages that number is increased 

 to fifteen, including two species here described for the first time. 



At the time of the publication of the Monograph the con- 

 nection of Glossina palpaUs with Sleeping Sickness had not yet 

 been established, and practically nothing was known as to the 

 habits of that particular Tsetse, upon which a host of observers 

 have since concentrated their attention. Thus, although much 

 space in the Monograph was devoted to the subject of " Bio- 

 nomics," the majority of the statements given referred to Glossina 

 morsitans, the pest of the elephant-hunter and pioneer in South 

 Africa, and the species to which the name " Tsetse " was originally 

 applied. No observations worth mentioning on any other species 

 had in fact been made, and what was known as to Glossina 

 morsitans had consequently to do duty for the genus Glossina as a 

 whole. We now know that haunts and habits are not necessarily 

 the same in all species, and in the present work a summary of 

 the ascertained facts with regard to " Bionomics " is given under 

 the heading of each species.* It will be seen that in the case of 

 certain species much — in some instances everything — has yet to 

 be learnt. There is thus a wide field for further observation, 

 and it need hardly be said that information from those in a 

 position to supply it will gladly be received. At the present 

 time a sub-committee appointed by the Entomological Research 

 Committee (Tropical Africa) is endeavouring, by means of series 

 of carefully framed questions addressed to reliable observers 

 on the spot, to obtain accurate information as to the habits, 

 dependence or otherwise upon big game, etc., of Glossina 

 morsitans, matters about which much uncertainty still exists. 

 When all the replies that it is hoped to receive in this way are 

 collated, a mass of useful knowledge should be acquired con- 

 cerning a species which is one of the greatest enemies of the 

 stock-breeder in Rhodesia and elsewhere. 



In conclusion, it need only be added that prophylactic measures 

 in the tight against Tsetse-flies, to which attention is now being 

 devoted, are not referred to, since they are beyond the scope of 

 this work. 



ERNEST E. AUSTEN. 



British Museum (Natural History), 

 London, S.W. 



March IGth, 1911. 



* Except G. palpalis — see page 27. 



