Aiiicriccui FisJiciics Socirtv 165 



I was fortunate enough in one photograph to catch such a 

 sahnon just as he dropped head first into the mass of foam 

 and rocks. 



One of the most striking features of the sahiion leaping 

 was a (hstinct lack of directness. Many of the jumps were 

 made at an obhque angle which rendered the effort ineffec- 

 tive. Some were (hrected towards the l^ank, some parallel 

 to the line of the fall. In a few cases I even saw a salmon 

 shoot out of the pool, make a splendid jumj) directly away 

 from the face of the fall and land far out in the open water. 

 The type of jump was exactly like that used in making the 

 fall and entirely unlike that observed in open water when the 

 salmon are entering estuaries or passing through fresh water 

 lakes, so that one is forced to conclude that the leaping sal- 

 mon is at times di\erte(l from the projjcr direction by unex- 

 pected swirls or currents in the water or is unable to judge 

 correctly the direction for a correct leap as well as the height 

 and length necessary for effective work, or finally makes 

 some leaps aimlessly without due regard to the end to be 

 attained. All things considered, the jumping of the Alaska 

 salmon at these falls made upon me the impression that there 

 was a clear lack of definiteness as well as accuracv in the 

 efforts made for the attainment of its purpose. 



It may be well to say here a word concerning the leaping of 

 the salmon in open waters away from falls or other obstacles 

 in its path. I have observed the pink salmon jumping 

 on various occasions in the salt water of Behm Canal, of the 

 estuary near Loring and in two lakes of the Naha stream. 

 The fish jump sidewise from the water; the body is bent 

 slightly so as to be concave toward the direction from which 

 the fish comes ; the vertical height reached is relatively small 

 and the fish merely falls back nearly flat on the surface of the 

 water with a splash which recalls the "belly-whopper" of our 

 boyhood days at the old swimming hole. In this case, how- 

 ever, the fish lands flat on the water, side down. There is no 

 leap from the water and sulisequent dive head first into it as 

 in the case of the true jump at tlie falls. I have tried thus far 



