106 TIiirty-)tiiilli Annual Meeting 



in vain to photograph a tish in this posture in the air, and 

 have succeeded only in catching- the splash. A photograph 

 of the head of the inlet loking into Roosevelt Lagoon, where 

 a school of salmon were waiting for the proper tide to enter 

 the lagoon and start the ascent of Naha stream, shows at the 

 right a splash which by its form and extent indicates that the 

 fish has landed flat on its side with the head towards the left 

 of the (jbser\er. The pink salmon alwa}'s make this charac- 

 teristic splash when jumping in open water and the jump 

 itself in extent, direction, termination and posture of the fish 

 is in positive contrast with the leap made at the falls. It is 

 not at all like the jump of a salmonid seeking a fly and I 

 liave never seen a similar leap in any other species. Appar- 

 ently its aimlessness suggests sport or moderate excitement 

 due to mild and ill-defined stimuli. It cannot be confused 

 with leaping at the falls and cannot be easily related to the 

 latter or derived from it. 



Finally a few notes were made on the posture of the fish 

 when attempting to surmount the falls. As the salmon em- 

 erges from the water the Ixxl}- is rigid and during the very 

 brief inter\-al of the aerial flight manifests no movements 

 that can be detected. The dorsal surface is usually slightly 

 concave, although in one case the reverse was apparently true. 

 I think the former is characteristic of the successful leaps 

 and perhaps of all at the start while the latter is seen near the 

 end of a jump and so far as I could observe is infrequent at 

 best. As the salmon sails on through the air one can easily 

 see that the lateral fins are expanded and set at an angle 

 towards the side which makes of them wings or organs for 

 soaring and they remain in this position even in unsuccessful 

 attempts until the fish reaches the water. 



The powerful strokes of the caudal fin made when a sal- 

 mon reaches the solid water at the crest of the fall ha\'e often 

 l)een ol)serve(l and commented upon as the means hx which 

 the fall is finally surmounted and the quiet water beyond is 

 attained. I observed this action often in case of the red sal- 



