26 



which Aristotle appears to have derived chiefly from other cha- 

 racters : of these seven, three are mandibulate, three are haus- 

 tellate, and one vs^ithout the rudiments of mandible or haustellum. 

 The three which are mandibulate are somewhat similar, the three 

 which are haustellate bear no more resemblance to each other than 

 that which they all may be said to bear to that haustellated qua- 

 druped an elephant ; and the tie which holds Haustellata together 

 as a group is about as strong as one formed to bend in a genus 

 Blaps mortisaga, Acrida aptera, Cimex lectularius, and the female 

 of Bombyx antiquus, with the one sole character of being destitute 

 of wings. 



A second fancy which I wish to combat is, that of analogy and 

 affinity ; and as Mr. MacLeay is by far the most learned and 

 competent advocate of these distinct descriptions of resemblance, 

 and as I cannot pretend to refer to or cope with the voluminous 

 writings extant on this subject, I am necessitated to allude to his 

 work alone. It will be seen by the Horce Entomologicce, (a 

 work which I have already spoken of with unfeigned admiration,) 

 that Mr. MacLeay considers that relation observable in the 

 general appearance, habit, food, metamorphosis, &c. of insects, a 

 relation of analogy, while that dependent solely on a fancied 

 resemblance in the mouth he considers a relation of affinity : 

 thus classes V. and VI., which, in five characters out of six, 

 agree as closely as such comprehensive classes can do, he con- 

 siders related by analogy, and classes I. and VI., which, in five 

 characters out of six, are as unlike as insects can be, he considers 

 related by affinity ; * so Dr. Johnson, when he calls affinity 

 " resemblance," must have made a capital blunder, for Mr. 

 MacLeay proves clearly that it means dissimilarity. Classes I. 

 and VI. however, I find will meet as the line becomes bent into 

 a circle, and therefore we must conclude it to be a hidden 

 affinity, for it certainly is not apparent ; and moreover it must be 

 remarked, that the relation between classes is but little apparent 

 generally, except they are taken in pairs : thus, between I. and II., 

 between III. and IV., and between V. and VI., the relation is 

 real and readily ascertained, although distant ; while between 



* IloHE Eiitoinologicae, p. .'iG?. 



